Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 1 of 17
`
`Exhibit 12
`
`

`

`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 2 of 17
`cose oor-er2055-°%TUTLAL
`av) United States
`(2) Patent Application Publication (1) Pub. No.: US 2011/0026468 Al
`(43) Pub. Date:
`Feb. 3, 2011
`Conrad etal.
`
`US 20110026468A1
`
`(54) MULTI-NETWORK TELEPHONE
`CONNECTIONS
`
`(76)
`
`Inventors:
`
`
`
`
`
` S$);
`
`Richard A, |
`ambridge, M.A (US); Craig E.
`
`Walker, Diablo, CA (US),
`
`
`
`
`8);
`
`oseph S. Faber. Lafayette, CA
`(US): Michael A. Pearson, San
`Francisco, CA (US)
`
`Correspondence Address:
`FISH & RICHARDSON P.C.
`PO BOX 1022
`MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55440-1022 (US)
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`
`12/510,879
`
`(22)
`
`Filed:
`
`Jul. 28, 2009
`
`Publication Classification
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`Ho4wW40/00
`
`2009.01)
`
`C52)
`
`TES CW ss assssccsesintincsasisess 370/329; 455/445; 370/352
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`The subject matter ofthis specification can be implemented
`in, among other things, a computer-implemented method for
`centralized routing of voice communication over multiple
`communication networksincluding receiving at an electronic
`call routing systeman incoming call fromacalling device to
`a first telephone number of a mobile device. The method
`further includes selecting a calling address of the mobile
`device from amonga voice over internet protocol address of
`the mobile device on an internet protocol network and a
`cellular telephone number ofthe mobile device on acellular
`telephone network. The first telephone number is different
`than the cellular telephone number and the selection ofthe
`calling address 1s performed substantially without participa-
`tion by the cellular telephone network. The method further
`includes connecting the incoming call to the selected calling
`address ofthe mobile device.
`
`bs
`
`a
`
`P
`
`122
`
`Call to Mobile
`Device
`
`1idb
`
`
`
`Route Over
`First Network
`
`124a
`
`(B)
`
`Internet
`
`406
`
`(ip)
`
`
`
`Route Over
`Second Network
`
`
`124b
`©)
`
`
`Cellular
`Network
`104
`
`
`
` Roule Over
`
`Cellular Network
`(D)
`124¢
`
`
`
`Central Call
`Routing System
`
`192
`
`
`oS
`118 120
`
`
`116
`
`Call to Mobile
`Device
`114a
`
`(A)
`
`Call Termination
`System
`
`Telephone
`Network
`
`
`

`

`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 3 of 17
`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 3 of 17
`
`Patent Application Publication
`
`Feb. 3,2011 Sheet 1 of 5
`
`US 2011/0026468 Al
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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 4 of 17
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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 5 of 17
`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 5 of 17
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Feb. 3,2011 Sheet 3 of 5
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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 6 of 17
`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 6 of 17
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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 7 of 17
`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 7 of 17
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Feb. 3,2011 Sheet 5 of 5
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`US 2011/0026468 Al
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`FIG.5
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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 8 of 17
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`US 2011/0026468 Al
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`Feb. 3, 2011
`
`MULTI-NETWORK TELEPHONE
`CONNECTIONS
`
`TECIINICALFIELD
`
`[0001] This instant specification relates to routing tele-
`phone calls to mobile devices over multiple communications
`networks.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`[0002] Within recent memory. mobile telephones have
`evolved froma rare curiosity into a widely-available, indis-
`pensable business tool and social necessity. Mobile telephone
`users have cometo rely on the ability to move aboutfreely
`while carrying on a conversation with a remote party, This
`movement may be relatively slow as in the case of walking, or
`relatively fast as in the case ofa traveling vehicle. In some
`instances,this movement may take the user out ofthe range of
`a particular transceiver, so that a “hand off” occurs and the
`user then communicates via a different transceiver(e.g., ina
`cellular telephone tower), In other instances, the movement
`may take the user entirely out ofthe cellular telephone net-
`work that provides the connection to the user's mobile tele-
`phone.
`In someeases, the user may be within a theoretical
`[0003]
`range ofthe cellular telephone network, but the user may bein
`a dead-zone where the mobile telephone cannot access the
`cellular telephone network. For example, the mobile tele-
`phone may not have accesstothe cellular telephone network
`when the mobile telephone is deep within a building or
`blocked by a geographical feature, suchas a hill or mountain.
`This can create a situation in which the user is not able to
`receive calls over the cellular telephone network. In addition.
`the user may not realize a cal] was missed until alter the user
`reenters the range ofthe cellular telephone network or exits
`the dead-zone,
`[0004]
`In addition, time spent using the cellular telephone
`network typically has an associated cost. Some mobile tele-
`phone users may subscribe to a pay-per-minute plan. For
`example, a user may purchasea particular number of minutes
`and then use those purchased minutes when making a call
`with the associated mobile telephone. Some mobile tele-
`phone users may have a fixed number of“free” minutes that
`are included in a monthly payment amount. Other rules may
`also apply, such as free minutes during certain days of the
`week or times ofday, free minutes to members ofthe same
`cellular telephone network provider, or [ree minutes to a
`certain number of fnends or family members. ‘These costs
`associated with mobile telephone use can affect the mobile
`telephone user's decisions regarding whether to make a call
`and how long a call lasis. Typically, these costs are incurred
`even when receiving a call on the mobile telephone.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`In general, this document describes routing a tele-
`[0005]
`phonecall to or froma mobile device over multiple commu-
`nications networks. In general, a mobile telephone device
`may be assigned two contact numbers. The first number can
`be used to home the device to a network of a cellular tele-
`phonecarrier. The first number may not be seen bythe user,
`but can be used as a gateway to the mobile virtual network
`operator (MVNO) tor the carrier. The second numberis the
`“public” number for the device and can be a universal access
`numberlike that provided by a service such as GRANDCEN-
`
`TRAL (now GOOGLE VOICE). Incoming calls can be
`routed by the service to anynetwork that is currently available
`to the device, and a VoIP client on the device can keep the
`service notified regarding networks that are available to the
`device, and the service can use that information to determine
`which route, of multiple options, to use in sending calls to the
`device. The device can send outgoing calls directly to the
`service using any network that is available to the device for
`routing by the service, which can push the ring sound to the
`outgoing caller and dial the outgoing number, so that the call
`will sound like a normal call to the calling party. Ifa call is
`dropped, the service can maintain the connection to the other
`party lo the call, and verbally notify that party that the service
`is attempting to reconnect the call.
`[0006]
`In a first aspect. a computer-implemented method
`for centralized routing of voice communication over multiple
`communication networks includes receiving at an electronic
`call routing system an incoming call from a calling device to
`a first telephone number of a mobile device. ‘The electronic
`call routing system is in communication with an internet
`protocol network and a cellular telephone network. The
`method farther includes in response to receiving the incoming
`call to thefirst telephone numberofthe mobile device, select-
`ing a calling address of the mobile device from among a voice
`over internet protocol address of the mobile device on the
`internet protocol network and a cellular telephone number of
`the mobile device on the cellular telephone network. The first
`telephone number is different than the cellular telephone
`numberand the selection of the calling address is performed
`substantially without participation by the cellular telephone
`network. The method further includes connecting the incom-
`ing call to the selected calling address of the mobile device.
`[0007]
`Implementations can include any, all, or none of the
`following features. The method can include determining a
`connection status of the mobile device on the internet proto-
`col network, and wherein selecting the calling address can
`include selecting the voice over internet protocol address
`upon determining the connection status indicates that the
`mobile device is connected to the internet protocol network
`and selecting the cellular telephone number upon determin-
`ing the connection status indicates the mobile device is not
`connected to the internet protocol network. The method can
`include monitoring the connection between the calling device
`and the mobile device, and maintaining the connection with
`the calling device upon the mobile device dropping the con-
`nection. The method caninclude reconnecting the incoming
`call to the calling address of the mobile device that was not
`selected. The method can include sending a messageto a user
`of the calling device indicating that the incoming call to the
`mobile device can be being reconnected. The method can
`include monitoring the connection between the calling device
`and the mobile device, and, upon a signal strength of the
`connection with the mobile device going belowa threshold
`signal strength level, concurrently connecting the incoming
`call to the mobile device using the calling address of the
`mobile device that was not selected. The method can include
`receiving from the mobile device updates to the voice over
`internet protoco] address ofthe mobile device. Selecting the
`calling address of the mobile device can include selecting the
`calling address ofa connection that has a lowest cost. Select-
`ing the calling address of the connection that has the lowest
`cost can inchide analyzing billing rules associated with a
`connection using the cellular telephone number. ‘The voice
`
`

`

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`Feb. 3, 2011
`
`i]
`
`over internet protocol address of the mobile device can
`include the first telephone number.
`[0008]
`Inasecond aspect, a computer-implemented system
`for centralized routing of voice communication over multiple
`communication networks includesa first interface in commu-
`nication with a public switched telephone network connected
`to acellular telephone network. The systemfurther includes a
`secondinterface in communication with an internet protocol
`network. The system further includes a computerized call
`router that receives an incoming call from a calling device to
`a first telephone number of a mobile device, selects a calling
`address ofthe mobile device from among a Voice overinternet
`protocol address ofthe mobile device onthe internet protocol
`network and a cellular telephone numberofthe mobile device
`onthe cellular telephone network. Thefirst telephone number
`is different than the cellular telephone numberandthe selec-
`tion ofthe calling address is performed substantially without
`participation by the cellular telephone network, The comput-
`erived call router connects the incoming call to the selected
`calling address of the mobile device over the first interface if
`the cellular telephone numberis selected or the second inter-
`face if the voice over internet protocol address is selected.
`[0009]
`Implementations can include any. all. or none ofthe
`following features. The computerized call router can receive
`the incoming call through the second interface in communi-
`cation with the internet protocol network. The system can
`include a call monitor that maintains the connection withthe
`calling device ifthe mobile device drops the connection and
`reconnects the incoming call to the calling address of the
`mobile device that was not selected. The system can include
`a mobile device status updaterthat receives one or more status
`updates for corresponding connections to the mobile device,
`and the call routercan select the calling address of the mobile
`device based on the received status updates.
`[0010]
`Ina third aspect. a computer-implemented system
`for centralized routing of voice communication over multiple
`communication networksincludesa first interface in commu-
`nication with a public switched telephone network connected
`toa cellular telephone network. The system further includes a
`second interface in communication with an internet protocol
`network. ‘The system further includes meansfor selecting a
`calling address ofthe mobile device from among a yoice over
`internet protocol address ofthe mobile device on the internet
`protocol network and a cellular telephone number of the
`mobile device onthe cellular telephone network by whichto
`connect an incoming call to the mobile device. The first
`telephone number is different than the cellular telephone
`number and the selection of the calling addressis performed
`substantially without participation by the cellular telephone
`network.
`
`[0011] The systems and techniques described here may
`provide one or more of the following advantages in certain
`implementations. First, a system can provide for reducing the
`cost of making calls using a mobile device. Second, a system
`can provide for reducing the number ofcalls that are dropped
`by a mobile device. Third, a system can provide for reducing,
`the number of calls that are redialed due toa call that was
`dropped by a mobile device. Fourth, a system can provide for
`routing a telephone call to a single mobile device telephone
`number over multiple communication networks. Fifth, a sys-
`tem can provide for routing a call to a single mobile device
`telephone numberover an existing internet protocol commu-
`nicalion network or an existing cellular telephone communi-
`cation network. Sixth, a system can provide for improving the
`
`fidelity ofcalls by routing over high-speed networks capable
`of higher fidelity. Seventh, a system can provide for integra-
`tion of additional communication functionality into tradi-
`tional calls (e.g., video calling, chat, etc),
`[0012] The details of one or more implementations are set
`forth in the accompanying drawings and the description
`below. Other features and advantages will be apparent from
`the description and drawings, and fromthe claims.
`
`DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. Lisa schematic diagram showing an example
`[0013]
`ofa system for routing a telephone call to or from a mobile
`device.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example ofa
`[0014]
`systemfor routing a telephonecall to or froma mobile device,
`[0015]
`FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an example ofa
`process for routing a telephonecall to a mobile device
`[0016]
`FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example ofa
`process for reconnecting a telephone call to. a mobile device.
`[0017]
`FIG. 5 shows an example of a computing device and
`a mobile computing device that can be used in connection
`with computer-implemented methods and systems described
`in this document.
`[0018] Like reference symbols in the various drawings
`indicate like elements.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`[0019] This document describes systems and techniques
`for routing calls to or from a mobile device over multiple
`communication networks. For example, an incoming tele-
`phone call to a mobile device can be routed through a Voice
`over Internet Protocol (VoIP) communication network if the
`mobile device is currently connected to an Internet Protocol
`(IP) network or a cellular telephone network if the mobile
`device is currently connected to the cellular telephone net-
`work. In some implementations, a central system can main-
`tain the connection with the caller if the mobile device
`becomes disconnected and another connection can be made
`to the mobile device, In some implementations, a dialer appli-
`cation at the mobile device handles routing of outgoing calls
`from the mobile device to another mobile device, landline
`telephone, or a VoIP application,
`[0020]
`FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example
`of a system 100 lor routing a telephone call to or from a
`mobile device 102. The mobile device 102is a device capable
`of receiving or initiating telephone calls over multiple wire-
`less connection types. For example. the mobile device 102
`canreceive or initiate telephone calls over acellular telephone
`network 104 and a network such as the Internet 106 that is
`capable of supporting VoIP calls.
`[0021]
`In some implementations, the cellular telephone
`network 104 uses a code division multiple access (CDMA)
`protocol (e.g.. CDMA2000), a time division multiple access
`(TDMA) protocol (e.g., GSM), or another cellular telephone
`communication protocol. The mobile device 102 may also be
`capable of communicating over multiple different such net-
`works. The mobile device 102 can connect to the Internet 106
`through multiple wireless network interfaces
`in certain
`implementations, such as a wireless local area network 108
`(e.g.. a Wi-Fi network) and a wireless wide area network 110
`(e.2.. a WIMAX network).
`[0022] The system 100 inchides a central call routing sys-
`tem 112. The central call routing system 112 can receive one
`
`

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`
`or more incoming calls 114a-4 to the mobile device 102. For
`example, the central call routing system 112 can receive the
`incoming call 114a@ from a telephone device 116. The central
`call routing system 112 receives the incoming call 114a@ over
`atelephone network 118, such as a public switched telephone
`network (PSTN). The system 100 can further include a call
`termination system 120. The call
`termination system 120
`provides connectivity between the telephone network 118,
`the cellular telephone network 104, and the central call rout-
`ing system 112. In some implementations, the central call
`routing system 112 can also receive the incoming call 1144 (o
`the mobile device 102 from a computer device 122. In some
`implementations,
`the central call routing system 112 can
`receive the incoming call 1144 over the Internet 106.
`[0023] The central call routing system 112 may perform a
`numberofdifferent functions with respect to communication
`services provided to a user of the mobile device 102. For
`example, the central call routing system 112 may permit a
`user to define call routing rules to various communication
`devices that the user employs. For example, the central call
`routing system 112 can assign a single incoming telephone
`numberto the user, and may forward incomingcalls in real-
`time to whatever device the useris currently in possessionof.
`As one simple example, the user can define rules so that
`incoming calls are routed to the user’s work telephone during,
`business hours and the user’s home telephone outside of
`business hours. Also, the central call routing system 112 can
`performcall screening (e.g., by identifying incoming calls as
`corresponding to telephone numbers of people with whom
`the user does not wish to speak) and other such telecommu-
`nication management functions.
`[0024] The central call routing system 112 mayalsoselect
`a connection mechanism, from among multiple connection
`mechanisms available on a device, for connecting with the
`device. For example, with respectto the incoming calls shown
`here, the central call routing system 112 selects either the
`wireless local area network 108, the wireless wide area net-
`work 110, or the cellular telephone network 104 for routing
`the incoming calls 114a-4 to the mobile device 102. In some
`implementations, the central call routing system 112 selects
`one of multiple routes 124a-c based on a cost of connections
`made over the routes 124a-c. For example, the route 124a
`may be a free connection, the route 1244 may have a small
`cost, and the route 124¢ may have a highest cost ofthe routes
`124a-c. The central call routing system 112 therefore selects
`the route 1 24afirst, the route 1244 second, and the route 124c
`last.
`
`In some implementations. the central call routing
`[0025]
`system 112 analyzes billing rules associated with the routes
`124a-c to determine whichofthe routes 1 24a-chas the lowest
`cost. For example,the route 124+over the cellular telephone
`network 104 may have a numberoffree minutes allowed each
`monthfor calls to or from the mobile device 102, The central
`cal] routing system 112 may select the route 124c¢ before the
`route 124a@until the numberoffree minutes in the month have
`been used and thereafier selects the routes 124a-h,
`
`[0026] The cost of a route may also be based on other
`factors, such as the device or telephone number of the device
`making the call to the mobile device 102. For example, if the
`telephone device 116 is in the same cellular carrier network
`(in-network), is identified as a favorite or frequently called
`telephone number,or is identified as a family member ofthe
`mobile device 102 (e.g. fora frends and family plan), then
`calls betweenthe telephone device 116 and the mobile device
`
`102 over the cellular telephone network 104 may be free. The
`central cal] routing system 112 can analyze the in-network,
`favorites, and family rules to determine ifthe route 124c over
`the cellular telephone network 104 is free, and if so, it can
`connect the telephone device 116 to the mobile device 102
`throughthe cellular telephone network 104,
`[0027]
`In some implementations, the central call routing
`system 112 selects the routes 124a-c based ona status ofthe
`connection over the routes 124a-c. For example, the mobile
`device 102 may report the connectivity status of the routes
`124a-cto the central call routing system 112. [In some imple-
`mentations, the mobile device 102 mayreport a status of a
`connection periodically. The central call routing system 112
`uses the status ofthe routes 124a-c to select a route for the
`incoming calls L1da-é,
`[0028]
`Forexample, the route 124a@ may be preferred due to
`a lowest cost, but the current status of the route 124a may
`indicate that the mobile device 102 is not currently in com-
`munication with the wireless local area network 108. Ifthe
`status of the route 1244 indicates that the mobile device 102
`is in communication withthe wireless wide area network 110,
`then the central call routing system 112 selects the route 1244
`and connects the incoming call to the mobile device 102 over
`the Wireless wide area network 110.
`
`[0029] The availability ofa particular route for taking acall
`can be determined in a number of different ways. In some
`implementations, the central cal] routing system 112 deter-
`mines that the mobile device 102 is not in communication
`over a particular route, suchas the route 124a, by comparing
`the time the last update of the status ofthe route 124a was
`received to the current time. If the two times differ by more
`than a threshold amount, then the mobile device 102 is iden-
`tified as not being in communication over the wireless local
`area network 108. Alternatively or in addition, another rule
`may be used, such as a particular number of missed status
`updates, where under normal operation the status is updated
`periodically.
`[0030]
`In some implementations, the central call routing
`system 112 selects one of the routes 124a-4 based on a con-
`nection or call quality. For example, VoIP-to-VoIP calls may
`have a higher call quality than a VoIP call that is converted for
`transmission over the cellular telephone network 104 and
`then presentedat the mobile device 102, Consequently, ifthe
`central call routing system 112 receives the incoming call
`1144 from the computer device 122 over the Internet 106,
`then the central call routing system 112 may prefer the routes
`124-4 rather than the route 124¢, The central call routing
`system 112 can create a direct VoIP-to-VYoIP call without
`going through the call termination system 120, the telephone
`network 118, or the cellular telephone network 104, For
`example, for calling devices that use VoIP dialers that are
`compatible with the VoIP dialer used by the mobile device
`102. the central call routing system 112 can create a direct
`connection over the Internet 106 betweenthe calling device
`and the mobile device 102.
`
`In some implementations, where the central call
`[0031]
`routing system 112 selects one of the routes 124a-b over the
`Internet 106, the central call routing system 112 initiates the
`connection to the mobile device 102. For example, afier
`receiving the incoming call 114a fromthe telephone device
`116, the central call routing system 112 selects the route 124a
`and opens a connection to the mobile device 102 over the
`wireless local area network 108. ln some implementations,
`the status of the routes 124a-h over the Internet 106 may
`
`

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`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 11 of 17
`Case 6:22-cv-00031-ADA Document 43-12 Filed 07/19/22 Page 11 of 17
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`US 2011/0026468 Al
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`Feb. 3, 2011
`
`telephone number ofthe mobile device 102 maybe stored at
`the central call routing system 112 prior to providing the
`mobile device 102 to the user.
`
`include a network address of the mobile device 102. The
`central call routing system 112 may use the network address
`ofthe mobile device 102 to open the connectionto the mobile
`device 102 over the wireless local area network 108.
`
`[0032] Alternatively. the central call routing system 112
`mayselect the route 124a and place the incoming call 114a in
`a queue at the central call routing system 112. The mobile
`device 102 may periodically check the queue at the central
`call routing system 112 to determine if any calls are waiting.
`The mobile device 102 determines that the incoming call
`114@ is waiting and opens a connection to the telephone
`device 116 through the wireless local area network 108 and
`the central call routing system 112.In someimplementations,
`ifthe mobile device 102 does not read the incoming call 114a
`from the queue within a threshold amount oftime, the central
`call routing system 112 removes the incoming call 114a@ from
`the queue and forwards the incoming call 114a to the mobile
`device 102 overthe cellular telephone network 104,
`[0033]
`In some implementations, when placing a telephone
`call to the mobile device 102, a calling device, such as the
`telephone device 116, dials a first telephone number of the
`mobile device 102 that is directed to the central call routing
`system 112. For example, the telephone network 118 may
`direct the incoming call 114a tothe call termination system
`120. The call termination system 120 then directs the incom-
`ing call [14a to the central call routing system 112. The
`central call routing system 112 then selects a route to the
`mobile device 102 over the Internet 106 or over the cellular
`
`In general, the selection of a route to the mobile
`[0037]
`device 102 by the central call routing system 112 does not
`substantially include participation by the cellular telephone
`network 104, other thanto send a redirected call to the second
`(cellular) telephone number of the mobile device 102. Por
`example, the central call routing system 112 does not rely on
`the cellular telephone network 104, or other system provided
`by the cellular carrier, to select the route to the mobile device
`102. The central call routing system 112 does not require
`special purpose hardware orservices from the cellular tele-
`phone network 102 in order to perform the route selection,
`The central call routing system 112 does not require integra-
`tion with the cellular telephone network 102, such as in the
`case of Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA), in order to per-
`form the route selection. The central call routing system 112
`does require a connection withthe cellular telephone network
`104. or another network that provides connectivity to the
`cellular telephone network 104, in order to forward telephone
`calls to the cellular telephone number of the mobile device
`102 whenthe central call routing system 112 selects the route
`over the cellular telephone network 104.
`[0038]
`In some implementations, the central call routing
`system 112 maybe collocated and/or connected directly to
`the cellular telephone network 104. Alternatively, the central
`call routing system 112 may connect to the cellular telephone
`telephone network 104.
`network 104 through the telephone network 118. In some
`implementations, the central call routing system 112 may also
`[0034] The central call routing system 112 can connect the
`connect to the cellular telephone network 104 through the
`incoming call 114a through the route 124e over the cellular
`Internet 106. Accordingly, the connection between the call
`telephone network 104 by forwarding the call to a second
`termination system 120 and the cellular telephone network
`telephone number, The cellular telephone carrier that oper-
`104 maybe througheither the telephone network 118 or the
`ates the cellular telephone network 104 uses the second tele-
`Internet 106.
`phone numbertodirect calls to the mobile device 102 over the
`cellular telephone network 104. For example, the central call
`the system 100 can
`[0039]
`In some implementations,
`routing system 112 redirects the call placed by the telephone
`include multiple cellular networks. Accordingly, the central
`device 116 to the second telephone number, The call termi-
`call routing system 112 can route calls over the multiple
`nation system 120 processes the redirected call from the
`cellular networks, For example, the central call routing sys-
`tem 112 can chooseacellular network to connectto based on
`central call routing system 112. ‘The call termination system
`120 sends the redirected call to the telephone network 118
`call quality or billing rules.
`In some implementations, the
`and/or the cellular telephone network 104. The cellulartele-
`mobile device 102 can have multiple cellular telephone num-
`phone network 104 passes the redirected call to the mobile
`bers. For example, the mobile device 102 can have a Sub-
`device 102 which has been assigned the second telephone
`scriber Identity Module (SIM) card fora first cellular network
`number.
`and another SIM card lor a second cellular network. In some
`implementations,
`the cellular telephone numbers of the
`mobile device 102 are only associated witha single device. In
`some implementations, the telephone numberfor the mobile
`device 102 that is first directed to the central call routing
`system 112 may be routed to multiple devices, either one ata
`time or concurrently,
`to the mobile
`[0040]
`In some implementations, the call
`device 102 is a voice call, Alternatively, the call may be a
`Short Message Service (SMS), Enhanced Messaging Service
`(EMS). or Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) call. For
`example, the central c