`
`PCT/US2007/082096
`
`We claim:
`
`1.
`
`A method, comprising:
`
`(a)
`
`contacting a support comprising a binding agent capable of binding a ribosome with
`
`a sample comprising ribosomes;
`
`(b)
`
`(c)
`
`washing the support after contact with the sample;
`
`incubating the support in the presence of a solution comprising mRNA and amino
`
`acids under conditions suitable to allow ribosomes bound to the binding agent to translate the
`
`mRNA in the solution into a polypeptide; and
`
`(d)
`
`determining the presence ofthe polypeptide.
`
`2.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the ribosomes are specific to a pathogen and the method
`
`fiirther comprises determining the presence of the pathogen in the sample based on the presence of
`
`the polypeptide.
`
`3.
`
`4.
`
`The method of claim 2, wherein the pathogen is a bacterium.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the binding agent is capable of specifically binding a
`
`ribosome.
`
`5.
`
`The method of claim 3, wherein the ribosomes are bacterial ribosomes and the method
`
`further comprises releasing the ribosomes from at least one bacterium.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the support is a porous material.
`
`The method of claim 3, wherein the porous material is nitrocellulose.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the binding agent is an antibody.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the binding agent is an agent capable of binding ribosomal
`
`The method of claim 9, wherein the agent capable of binding ribosomal RNA is a nucleic
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`9.
`
`RNA.
`
`10.
`
`acid.
`
`11.
`
`The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprising mRNA and amino acids further
`
`comprises a substrate.
`
`12.
`
`13.
`
`The method of claim 11, wherein the polypeptide is an enzyme.
`
`The method of claim 12, wherein determining the polypeptide comprises determining the
`
`presence of a reaction product resulting from reaction of the enzyme with a substrate for the
`
`enzyme.
`
`-13-
`
`
`
`WO 2008/133705
`
`PCT/US2007/082096
`
`14.
`
`The method of claim 13, wherein determining the polypeptide comprises optically detecting
`
`the presence of the reaction product.
`
`15.
`
`A method, comprising:
`
`(a)
`
`capturing ribosomes on a support using a binding agent capable of binding the
`
`ribosomes;
`
`(b)
`
`incubating the captured ribosomes with a solution comprising mRNA and amino
`
`acids; and
`
`(c)
`
`detecting the polypeptide produced by the incubated, captured ribosomes.
`
`A device, comprising a support comprising a binding agent capable ofbinding a ribosome.
`
`The device of claim 16, wherein the support is a porous material.
`
`The device of claim 17, wherein the porous material is nitrocellulose.
`
`The device of claim 16, wherein the binding agent is an antibody.
`
`16.
`
`17.
`
`18.
`
`19.
`
`20.
`
`The device of claim 16, wherein the binding agent is an agent capable of binding ribosomal
`
`RNA.
`
`21.
`
`acid.
`
`The device of claim 20, wherein the agent capable of binding ribosomal RNA is a nucleic
`
`-14-
`
`
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