Case 3:17-cv-01381-JAM Document 335 Filed 08/03/21 Page 1 of 55
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`UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
`
`DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT
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`
`
`MARK J. PATANE, JULIE HARDING,
`HEATHER HARRIGAN, STEPHEN S.
`SHAPIRO, CATHERINE PORTER, ERICA
`RUSSELL, TINA MORETTI, BRIDGET
`KOPET, JENNIFER S. COLE, BENJAMIN A.
`FLETCHER, DIANE BOGDAN, and
`PARESHKUMAR BRAHMBHATT,
`Individually and on Behalf of All Others
`Similarly Situated,
`
`Plaintiffs,
`
`
`
`
`vs.
`
`
`NESTLÉ WATERS NORTH AMERICA, INC.,
`
`
`
`Defendant.
`
`Case No. 17-cv-1381-JAM
`
`ECF Case
`
`CLASS ACTION
`
`
`PLAINTIFFS’ MEMORANDUM IN
`OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANT’S
`MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY
`JUDGMENT
`
`
`
`August 3, 2021
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Oral Argument Requested
`
`

`

`
`
`I. 
`II. 
`III. 
`
`IV. 
`
`Case 3:17-cv-01381-JAM Document 335 Filed 08/03/21 Page 2 of 55
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
`
`B. 
`
`C. 
`
`2. 
`
`3. 
`
`INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 
`STATEMENT OF FACTS ................................................................................................. 1 
`ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................... 2 
`The Court Should Deny Nestlé’s Motion As An Improper Successive
`A. 
`Motion. .................................................................................................................... 3 
`Nestlé’s Application of Connecticut Limitations Periods and Tolling
`Doctrines to Plaintiffs’ Foreign Statutory Claims Is Wrong. ................................. 4 
`Nestlé Is Not Entitled to Summary Judgment on Its Limitations Defense. .......... 10 
`Nestlé Has Failed to Carry Its Burden of Identifying Applicable
`1. 
`Statutes of Limitation. ............................................................................... 10 
`Nestlé Miscalculates the Applicable Limitations Periods and Fails
`to Account for Numerous Applicable Tolling Doctrines. ......................... 11 
`a. 
`Consumer Protection Claims ........................................................ 12 
`b. 
`Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) ............................................... 17 
`c. 
`Common Law Fraud ..................................................................... 21 
`Factual Disputes Preclude Summary Judgment. ....................................... 22 
`a. 
`The Record Supports Application of the Discovery Rule. ........... 22 
`Plaintiffs Discovered Their Claims Within
`i. 
`Applicable Limitations Periods. ........................................ 22 
`Plaintiffs Were Not On Inquiry Notice Of Their
`Claims Before 2015. ......................................................... 23 
`Plaintiffs Could Not Have Discovered Their Claims
`In The Exercise Of Reasonable Diligence. ....................... 29 
`The Record Supports Tolling Due to Fraudulent
`Concealment. ................................................................................ 32 
`The Record Supports Application of Equitable Tolling
`Under New York and New Hampshire Law. ................................ 36 
`The Record Supports Applying the Continuing Course of
`Conduct Doctrine to Toll Plaintiffs’ Claims. ................................ 38 
`In the alternative, the Court should defer ruling on all or
`part of Defendants’ Motion under Rule 56(d). ............................. 39 
`CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 40 
`
`ii. 
`
`iii. 
`
`b. 
`
`c. 
`
`d. 
`
`e. 
`
`i
`
`

`

`Case 3:17-cv-01381-JAM Document 335 Filed 08/03/21 Page 3 of 55
`
`TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
`
`
`
`Page(s)
`
`
`
`Cases
`
`Alarmax Dist., Inc. v. New Canaan Alarm Co.,
`61 A.3d 1142 (Conn. Ct. App. 2013) .......................................................................................18
`
`Argabright v. Rheem Mfg. Co.,
`258 F. Supp. 3d 470 (D.N.J. 2017) ..........................................................................................20
`
`Aspinall v. Philip Morris Cos., Inc.,
`813 N.E.2d 476 (Mass. 2004) ....................................................................................................9
`
`Axiom Inv. Advisors, LLC v. Deutsche Bank AG,
`234 F. Supp. 3d 526 (S.D.N.Y. 2017) ......................................................................................20
`
`Bartner v. Carter,
`405 A.2d 194 (Me. 1979) ...........................................................................................................9
`
`Bartone v. Robert L. Day Co.,
`656 A.2d 221 (Conn. 1995) .....................................................................................................19
`
`Baxter v. Sturm, Ruger & Co.,
`644 A.2d 1297 (Conn. 1994) .........................................................................................5, 6, 7, 8
`
`Begley v. Windsor Surry Co.,
`2018 WL 1401796 (D.N.H. Mar. 19, 2018) ......................................................................19, 32
`
`Belmont Condo. Ass’n, Inc. v. Geibel,
`74 A.3d 10 (N.J. App. Div.) .....................................................................................................16
`
`Bennett v. Fiorillo,
`2017 WL 3175937 (Conn. Super. Ct. June 16, 2017) .............................................................36
`
`Berman v. LaBonte,
`622 B.R. 503 (D. Conn. 2020) .................................................................................................10
`
`Blackwood v. Atrium Med. Corp.,
`2019 WL 3779698 (D.N.H. Aug. 12, 2019) ........................................................................9, 15
`
`Blouin v. Surgical Sense, Inc.,
`2008 WL 2227781 (R.I. Super. Ct. May 12, 2008) .................................................................34
`
`Blue Cross Blue Shield Ass’n v. GlaxoSmithKline LLC,
`417 F. Supp. 3d 531 (E.D. Pa. 2019) .....................................................................21, 22, 28, 30
`
`ii
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`

`

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`
`
`Blue Cross of Cal. v. SmithKline Beecham Clinical Labs, Inc.,
`108 F. Supp. 2d 116 (D. Conn. 2000) .............................................................................. passim
`
`Bosland v. Warnock Dodge, Inc.,
`964 A.2d 741 (N.J. 2009)...........................................................................................................9
`
`Bougopoulos v. Altria Grp., Inc.,
`954 F. Supp. 2d 54 (D.N.H. 2013) ...........................................................................................12
`
`Brawn v. Oral Surgery Assocs.,
`819 A.2d 1014 (Me. 2003) .......................................................................................................13
`
`Bricker v. Putnam,
`512 A.2d 1094 (N.H. 1986) .....................................................................................................15
`
`Brown v. City of Syracuse,
`673 F.3d 141 (2d Cir. 2012).......................................................................................................3
`
`Cabrera v. Automax Preowned, Inc.,
`2020 WL 2198048 (Mass. Super. Ct. Feb. 27, 2020) ..............................................................19
`
`Cadoret v. Sikorsky Aircraft Corp.,
`323 F. Supp. 3d 319 (D. Conn. 2018) ......................................................................................11
`
`Cameron v. Olin Corp.,
`838 F. Supp. 2d 59 (D. Conn. 2012) ..........................................................................................6
`
`Canfield v. FCA US LLC,
`2019 WL 1089798 (D. Del. Mar. 8, 2019) ..............................................................................33
`
`Caravaggio v. D’Agostini,
`765 A.2d 182 (N.J. 2001).........................................................................................................16
`
`Celotex Corp. v. Catrett,
`477 U.S. 317 (1986) .................................................................................................................39
`
`Chapco v. Woodway,
`2018 WL 3581694 (D. Conn. July 24, 2018) ............................................................................3
`
`Com. v. DeCotis,
`316 N.E.2d 748 (Mass. 1974) ....................................................................................................9
`
`Connell v. Colwell,
`571 A.2d 116 (Conn. 1990) .....................................................................................................19
`
`Corinth Pellets, LLC v. Andritz, Inc.,
`2020 WL 5578412 (D. Me. Sept. 17, 2020) ............................................................................19
`
`iii
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`

`

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`
`
`
`Corsello v. Verizon N.Y., Inc.,
`967 N.E.2d 1177 (N.Y. 2012) ..................................................................................................17
`
`Council v. Better Homes Depot, Inc.,
`No. 04 CV 5620 NGG KAM, 2006 WL 2376381 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 16, 2006) ........................16
`
`Cover v. Windsor Surry Co.,
`2016 WL 520991 (N.D. Cal. Feb. 10, 2016) .....................................................................21, 32
`
`Cox v. Sears Roebuck & Co.,
`647 A.2d 454 (N.J. 1994)...........................................................................................................9
`
`D'Angelo v. Miller Yacht Sales,
`619 A.2d 689 (N.J. App. Div. 1993) ........................................................................................12
`
`Dagley v. Murphy,
`2014 WL 916667 (Mass App. Ct. 2014)..................................................................................31
`
`Daniels v. Esson,
`2001 WL 100306 (Conn. Super. Ct. Jan. 16, 2001)...................................................................6
`
`De Sole v. Knoedler Gallery, LLC,
`974 F. Supp. 2d 274 (S.D.N.Y. 2013) ......................................................................................16
`
`Dilworth v. Metro. Life Ins. Co.,
`418 F.3d 345 (3d Cir. 2005).....................................................................................................17
`
`Drelles v. Mfrs. Life Ins. Co.,
`881 A.2d 822 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2005) .........................................................................................17
`
`Drilling & Blasting Rock Specialists, Inc. v. Rheaume,
`147 A.3d 824 (Me. 2016) .........................................................................................................13
`
`Elderkin v. Gaster,
`288 A.2d 771 (Pa. 1972) ............................................................................................................7
`
`Engles v. Jones,
`405 F. Supp. 3d 397 (W.D.N.Y. 2019) ....................................................................................37
`
`Epperson v. Entertainment Express, Inc.,
`338 F. Supp. 2d 328 (D. Conn. 2005) ......................................................................................36
`
`Essex Ins. Co. v. William Kramer & Assocs., LLC,
`205 A.3d 534 (Conn. 2019) .....................................................................................................12
`
`Evanston Ins. Co. v. William Kramer & Assocs.,
`890 F.3d 40 (2d Cir. 2018).......................................................................................................13
`
`iv
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`

`

`Case 3:17-cv-01381-JAM Document 335 Filed 08/03/21 Page 6 of 55
`
`
`
`Falls Church Grp., Ltd. v. Tyler, Cooper and Alcorn, LLP,
`912 A.2d 1019 (Conn. 2007) .......................................................................................19, 22, 34
`
`Fannie Mae v. Jessup,
`1999 WL 624453 (Conn. Super. Aug. 3, 1999) .........................................................................9
`
`Fazio v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am.,
`62 A.3d 396 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2012) .............................................................................................8
`
`Feldt v. Sturm, Ruger & Co.,
`721 F. Supp. 403 (D. Conn. 1989) .............................................................................................6
`
`Fichera v. Mine Hill Corp.,
`541 A.2d 472 (Conn. 1988) .....................................................................................................12
`
`Fine v. Checcio,
`870 A.2d 850 (Pa. 2005) ..........................................................................................................17
`
`First Choice Armor & Equipment, Inc. v. Toyobo Am., Inc.,
`717 F. Supp. 2d 156 (D. Mass. 2010) ..........................................................................14, 25, 34
`
`Flannery v. Singer Asset Fin. Co., LLC,
`17 A.3d 509 (Ct. App. Ct. 2011) ..............................................................................................12
`
`Flannery v. Singer Asset Fin. Co., LLC,
`94 A.3d 553 (Conn. 2014) .......................................................................................................12
`
`Foodtown v. Sigma Mktg. Sys., Inc.,
`518 F. Supp. 485 (D.N.J. 1980) .........................................................................................20, 34
`
`Fox v. Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc.,
`110 P.3d 914 (Cal. 2005) .........................................................................................................24
`
`Gaidon v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am.,
`750 N.E.2d 1078 (N.Y. 2001) ....................................................................................................8
`
`Gennari v. Weichert Co. Realtors,
`691 A.2d 350 (N.J. 1997)...........................................................................................................9
`
`Geo. Knight & Co. v. Watson Wyatt & Co.,
`170 F.3d 210 (1st Cir. 1999) ....................................................................................................15
`
`Gibson v. Metropolis of CT LLC,
`2020 WL 956981 (D. Conn. Feb. 27, 2020) ............................................................................12
`
`Giulietti v. Giulietti,
`784 A.2d 905 (Conn. App. Ct. 2001) .......................................................................................22
`
`v
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`
`
`
`Gregg v. Ameriprise Fin., Inc.,
`245 A.3d 637 (Pa. 2021) ............................................................................................................9
`
`Haas v. Haas,
`48 A.3d 713 (Conn. App. Ct. 2012) .........................................................................................12
`
`Hair Excitement, Inc. v. L'Oreal U.S.A., Inc.,
`965 A.2d 1032 (N.H. 2009) .......................................................................................................9
`
`Harkness v. Fitzgerald,
`701 A.2d 370 (Me. 1997) ...................................................................................................13, 14
`
`Haseman v. Gerber Prod. Co.,
`331 F.R.D. 239 (E.D.N.Y. 2019) ...............................................................................................9
`
`Hawkins v. Kroger Co.,
`2021 WL 210843 (S.D. Cal. Jan. 11, 2021) .............................................................................24
`
`Haymond v. Statewide Grievance Comm.,
`723 A.2d 821 (Conn. Super. Ct. 1997) ......................................................................................4
`
`Hodges v. Glenholme Sch.,
`713 F. App’x 49 (2d Cir. 2017) ...............................................................................................35
`
`In re A.N. Frieda Diamonds, Inc.,
`616 B.R. 295 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2020) .....................................................................................36
`
`In re Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Antitrust Litig.,
`261 F. Supp. 2d 188 (E.D.N.Y. 2003) .....................................................................................36
`
`In re DaimlerChrysler AG Sec Lit.,
`269 F. Supp. 2d 508 (D. Del. 2003) .........................................................................................28
`
`In re Risperdal Litig.,
`223 A.3d 633 (Pa. 2019) ....................................................................................................28, 31
`
`In re U.S. Foodservice Inc. Pricing Litig.,
`2011 WL 6013551 (D. Conn. Nov. 29, 2011),
`aff’d, 729 F.3d 108 (2d Cir. 2013) ...........................................................................................18
`
`Izzarelli v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co,
`117 F. Supp. 2d (D. Conn. 2000) .................................................................................33, 38, 39
`
`Johnson v. State Judicial Dep’t,
`2012 WL 3176431 (Conn. Super. Ct. July 9, 2012) ................................................................36
`
`King v. Volvo Excavators AB,
`215 A.3d 149 (Conn. 2019) ...................................................................................................6, 8
`
`vi
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`

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`
`
`
`Kleinman v. Golden Apples Candy Co.,
`2004 WL 2757658 (Conn. Super. Ct. Nov. 2, 2004) ...............................................................18
`
`Knit With v. Knitting Fever, Inc.,
`2008 WL 5381349 (E.D. Pa. Dec. 18, 2008),
`aff’d 625 F. App’x 27 (3d Cir. 2015) .......................................................................6, 23, 24, 30
`
`Lamprey v. Britton Constr., Inc.,
`37 A.3d 359 (N.H. 2012) .........................................................................................................16
`
`Langan v. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Cos.,
`897 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 2018).......................................................................................................17
`
`Langlois v. Insys Therapeutics, Inc.,
`2019 WL 2140589 (D.N.H. May 16, 2019) .............................................................................15
`
`Lesoon v. Metro. Life Ins. Co.,
`898 A.2d 620 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2006) .........................................................................................17
`
`Lockheed Martin Corp. v. RFI Supply, Inc.,
`440 F.3d 549 (1st Cir. 2006) ....................................................................................................20
`
`Lumbermens Mut. Cas. Co. v. Dillon Co.,
`9 F. App’x 81 (2d Cir. 2001) .....................................................................................................4
`
`M & T Mortg. Corp. v. Miller,
`323 F. Supp. 2d 405 (E.D.N.Y. 2004) .....................................................................................16
`
`Mansir v. United States,
`299 F. Supp. 3d 203 (D. Me. 2018) .........................................................................................14
`
`Mantikas v. Kellogg Co.,
`910 F.3d 633 (2d Cir. 2018)...............................................................................................24, 25
`
`Martin v. Mead Johnson Nutrition Co.,
`2010 WL 3928707 (D. Mass. Sept. 30, 2010) ...........................................................................9
`
`McClancy v. Rotunno Const., Inc.,
`2014 WL 6805318 (Conn. Super. Ct. Oct. 28, 2014) ..............................................................12
`
`McIntyre v. United States,
`367 F.3d 38 (1st Cir. 2004) ......................................................................................................25
`
`McKinnon v. Honeywell Int’l, Inc.,
`977 A.2d 420 (Me. 2009) ...................................................................................................12, 36
`
`McLaughlin v. Bayer Essure, Inc.,
`No. 14-7316, 2019 WL 1382710 (E.D. Pa. Mar. 27, 2019) ....................................................21
`
`vii
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`
`
`Mountaindale Condo. Ass’n, Inc. v. Zappone,
`757 A.2d 608 (Conn. 2000) .....................................................................................................27
`
`New York v. Hendrickson Bros., Inc.,
`840 F.2d 1065 (2d Cir. 1988).............................................................................................17, 37
`
`Nicolaou v. Martin,
`195 A.3d 880 (Pa. 2018) ....................................................................................................29, 30
`
`Overall v. Estate of Klotz,
`52 F.3d 398 (2d Cir. 1995).......................................................................................................10
`
`Paddington Partners v. Bouchard,
`34 F.3d 1132 (2d Cir. 1994).....................................................................................................39
`
`Patane v. Nestle Waters N. Am., Inc.
`478 F.Supp.3d 318 (D. Conn. 2020) ..........................................................................................2
`
`Pearl v. City of Long Beach,
`296 F.3d 76 (2d Cir. 2002).......................................................................................................16
`
`People v. Wilco Energy Corp.,
`728 N.Y.S.2d 471 (N.Y. App. Div. 2001) .................................................................................9
`
`Perry v. City of Stamford,
`996 F. Supp. 2d 74 (D. Conn. 2014) ........................................................................................36
`
`Perry v. Insys Therapeutics, Inc.,
`No. 18-CV-1190-JD, 2019 WL 2106391 (D.N.H. May 14, 2019) ..........................................15
`
`Personis v. Oiler,
`889 F.2d 424 (2d Cir. 1989).......................................................................................................5
`
`Peters v. Flores,
`2021 WL 838274 (Conn. Super. Ct. Feb. 16, 2021) ..................................................................6
`
`Ponzio v. Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC,
`447 F. Supp. 3d 194 (D.N.J. 2020) ....................................................................................16, 37
`
`Portsmouth Country Club v. Town of Greenland,
`883 A.2d 298 (N.H. 2005) .................................................................................................19, 37
`
`Protective Life Ins. Co. v. Sullivan,
`682 N.E.2d 624 (1997).............................................................................................................20
`
`Puritan Med. Ctr. v. Cashman,
`596 N.E.2d 1004 (Mass. Super. Ct. 1980) ...............................................................................15
`
`viii
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`
`
`Recine v. Davol Inc.,
`2019 R.I. Super. LEXIS 3 (Super. Ct. Jan. 7, 2019) ................................................................34
`
`Reclaimant Corp. v. Deutsch,
`211 A.3d 976 (Conn. 2019) ...........................................................................................5, 7, 8, 9
`
`Ret. Sys. v. ANZ Sec., Inc.,
`137 S. Ct. 2042 (2017) ...............................................................................................................6
`
`Rodrigues v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.,
`751 F. App’x 312, 318 (3d Cir. 2018) .....................................................................................16
`
`Ryan v. Roman Cath. Bishop,
`941 A.2d 174 (R.I. 2008) .........................................................................................................21
`
`Santana Prod., Inc. v. Bobrick Washroom Equip., Inc.,
`401 F.3d 123 (3d Cir. 2005).....................................................................................................12
`
`Sejin Precision Indus. Co. v. Citibank, N.A.,
`726 F. App’x 27 (2d Cir. 2018) ...............................................................................................27
`
`Sherwood v. Stamford Health Sys., Inc.,
`2018 WL 915051 (Conn. Super. Ct. Jan. 16, 2018).................................................................19
`
`Siemens WestingHouse Power Corp. v. Dick Corp.,
`219 F.R.D. 552 (S.D.N.Y. 2004) ...............................................................................................4
`
`Singleton v. Grade A Mkt., Inc.,
`2009 WL 10689210 (D. Conn. Sept. 21, 2009) .....................................................................3, 4
`
`Slainte Invs. Ltd. P’ship v. Jeffrey,
`142 F. Supp. 3d 239 (D. Conn. 2015) ................................................................................22, 35
`
`Slaney v. Westwood Auto, Inc.,
`322 N.E.2d 768 (Mass. 1975) ....................................................................................................9
`
`Soroof Trading Dev. Co. v. GE Microgen Inc.,
`No. 10 CIV. 01391 LGS, 2013 WL 5827698 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 30, 2013) .................................20
`
`Spencer v. Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.,
`256 F.R.D. 284 (D. Conn. 2009)............................................................................................7, 8
`
`State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. Omega Flex, Inc.,
`2015 WL 6453084 (D. Conn. Oct. 21, 2015) ............................................................................6
`
`State v. Weinschenk,
`868 A.2d 200 (Me. 2005) ...........................................................................................................9
`
`ix
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`
`
`Statler v. Dell, Inc.,
`775 F. Supp. 2d 474 (E.D.N.Y. 2011) ...............................................................................16, 37
`
`Stephens v. Norwalk Hosp.,
`162 F. Supp. 2d 36 (D. Conn. 2001) ..........................................................................................5
`
`Szymanski v. Boston Mut. Life Ins. Co.,
`778 N.E.2d 16 (Mass. Ct. App. 2002) .....................................................................................14
`
`Szynkowicz v. Bonauito-O’Hara,
`154 A.3d 61 (Conn. App. Ct. 2017) ...................................................................................12, 38
`
`Tagliente v. Himmer,
`949 F.2d 1 (1st Cir. 1991) ........................................................................................................14
`
`Taygeta Corp. v. Varian Assocs., Inc.,
`763 N.E.2d 1053 (Mass. 2002) ..........................................................................................14, 31
`
`Thomas Iron Co. v. Ensign-Bickford-Co.,
`42 A.2d 145 (Conn. 1945) .........................................................................................................7
`
`Town of Princeton v. Monsanto Co.,
`202 F. Supp. 3d 181 (D. Mass. 2016) ......................................................................................25
`
`Varacallo v. Mass. Mut. Life Ins. Co.,
`752 A.2d 807 (N.J. App. Div. 2000) ..........................................................................................8
`
`Village Mortgage Co. v. Veneziano,
`167 A.3d 430 (Conn. 2017) .....................................................................................................27
`
`Vision Pharma, LLC v. Sunrise Pharm., Inc.,
`2018 WL 3085213 (D.N.J. June 20, 2018) ..............................................................................20
`
`W. Dermatology Consultants, P.C. v. VitalWorks, Inc.,
`153 A.3d 574 (Conn. 2016) .......................................................................................................4
`
`Wai Chu v. Samsung Elecs. Am., Inc.,
`No. 1:18-CV-11742-GHW, 2020 WL 1330662 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 23, 2020) ............................12
`
`Webb v. Haas,
`665 A.2d 1005 (Me. 1995) .......................................................................................................13
`
`Westman v. Armitage,
`215 A.2d 919 (Me. 1966) .........................................................................................................13
`
`Wilson v. Bodnar,
`2010 WL 3730199 (D. Me. Sept. 14, 2010) ............................................................................13
`
`x
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`
`
`Wood v. United States,
`2018 WL 1037636 (D. Me. Feb. 23, 2018) .............................................................................14
`
`Zirvi v. Flatley,
`838 F. App'x 582 (2d Cir. 2020) ..............................................................................................27
`
`Statutes
`
`14 M.R.S.A. § 752 .........................................................................................................................12
`
`14 M.R.S.A. § 859 ...................................................................................................................13, 19
`
`73 Pa. Stat. Ann. § 201-9.2 ..............................................................................................................9
`
`9 R.I. Gen. Laws Ann. § 9-1-20 .....................................................................................................21
`
`13 Pa. Stat. and Cons. Stat. Ann. § 2314(a) .....................................................................................7
`
`42 Pa. Stat. and Cons. Stat. Ann. § 5527(b)...................................................................................12
`
`Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 42-110g ...................................................................................................12
`
`Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 52-577 .....................................................................................................22
`
`Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 52-595 .....................................................................................................22
`
`G.L. c. 93A.....................................................................................................................................14
`
`M.G.L.A. 106 § 2-725(1) ...............................................................................................................19
`
`M.G.L.A. 106 § 2-725(4) ...............................................................................................................18
`
`M.G.L.A. 260 § 5A ........................................................................................................................12
`
`M.G.L.A. 260 § 12 .........................................................................................................................14
`
`Maine Unfair Trade Practices Act (“MUTPA”) ........................................................................9, 12
`
`Mass. Consumer Protection Law .................................................................................................8, 9
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`Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 93A, § 9(3), (4) .....................................................................................9
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`Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 260, § 5A ..............................................................................................8
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`Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 5, § 213(1)...........................................................................................................9
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`N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 358-A:3(IV-a) ...........................................................................................15
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`N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 508:4(I) ...............................................................................................12, 15
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`N.H. Rev. Stat. § 358-A:10(I) ..........................................................................................................9
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`N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:14-1 ...............................................................................................................16
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`N.J. Stat. Ann. § 56:8-19..................................................................................................................9
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`N.J. Stat. Ann. §§A:14-1 ................................................................................................................12
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`N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 349 ...............................................................................................8, 9, 12, 16
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`N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 349(h) ..........................................................................................................9
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`N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 350 ...................................................................................................9, 12, 16
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`New Hampshire Consumer Protection Act ................................................................................9, 15
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`New York General Business Law ....................................................................................................8
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`NJ UCC § 275(1) ...........................................................................................................................20
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`Pennsylvania Unfair Trade Practices and Consumer Protection Law .............................................8
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`UCC § 2-314 ....................................................................................................................................7
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`UCC § 2-725 ..................................................................................................................................17
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`UCC § 2725(a) ...............................................................................................................................21
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`Uniform Commercial Code............................................