UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`______________________
`
`
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`______________________
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`
`
`DIGITAL CHECK CORP. d/b/a ST IMAGING
`Petitioner
`
`v.
`
`E-IMAGEDATA CORP.
`Patent Owner
`
`______________________
`
`CASE: IPR2017-00178
`U.S. PATENT NO. 9,179,019
`______________________
`
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW
`
`
`
`
`
`
`Mail Stop Patent Board
`Patent Trial and Appeal Board
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
`P.O. Box. 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
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`
`
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`

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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`TABLE OF CONTENTS
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`
`
`Page
`
`INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1
`I.
`PAYMENT OF FEES ..................................................................................... 2
`II.
`III. MANDATORY NOTICES PURSUANT TO 37 C.F.R. § 42.8 ..................... 2
`A.
`Real Party In Interest (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1)) ..................................... 2
`B.
`Related Matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2)) .............................................. 2
`C.
`Notice Of Lead And Backup Counsel (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3)) ........... 3
`D.
`Service Information (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4)) ....................................... 3
`IV. STANDING ..................................................................................................... 3
`V.
`STATEMENT OF PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED ................................... 4
`VI. REASONS FOR THE REQUESTED RELIEF .............................................. 4
`A.
`Summary of ‘019 Petition ..................................................................... 4
`B.
`Overview of the Prior Art Specifically Cited Below ............................ 4
`Fujinawa ..................................................................................... 5
`1.
`Kokubo ........................................................................................ 5
`2.
`3. Minolta Film Carrier Manuals (“Minolta”) ................................ 5
`Background of the Technology and Summary of ‘019 Patent .............. 7
`1.
`Chassis Limitation .................................................................... 10
`2.
`Lead Member Limitation .......................................................... 10
`3.
`Fold Mirror Limitation .............................................................. 11
`4.
`Drive Mechanism Limitations .................................................. 12
`5.
`Carriage Limitations ................................................................. 12
`6. Motor Limitations ..................................................................... 13
`7.
`Area Sensor Limitation ............................................................. 13
`8.
`Lens Limitation ......................................................................... 14
`9.
`Film Carrier Limitation ............................................................. 14
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`C.
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`D.
`The Relied-On Art Has Not Been Previously Considered .................. 15
`VII. PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART ........................................ 15
`VIII. CLAIM CONSTRUCTION .......................................................................... 16
`IX. PROPOSED GROUNDS OF REJECTION .................................................. 17
`A. Ground 1: Claims 1-3, 5-9, 20-32, 41, 43, 44, 47, 53 and 63
`Are Unpatentable Under 35 U.S.C. § 103 As Obvious Over
`Fujinawa In View Of Kokubu. ........................................................... 18
`1.
`Claim 1 ...................................................................................... 18
`2.
`Claim 2 ...................................................................................... 30
`3.
`Claim 3 ...................................................................................... 31
`4.
`Claim 5 ...................................................................................... 32
`5.
`Claim 6 ...................................................................................... 32
`6.
`Claim 7 ...................................................................................... 32
`7.
`Claim 8 ...................................................................................... 35
`8.
`Claim 9 ...................................................................................... 36
`9.
`Claim 20 .................................................................................... 36
`10. Claim 21 .................................................................................... 37
`11. Claim 22 .................................................................................... 37
`12. Claim 23 .................................................................................... 40
`13. Claim 24 .................................................................................... 40
`14. Claim 25 .................................................................................... 41
`15. Claim 26 .................................................................................... 41
`16. Claim 27 .................................................................................... 42
`17. Claim 28 .................................................................................... 43
`18. Claim 29 .................................................................................... 44
`19. Claim 30 .................................................................................... 44
`20. Claim 31 .................................................................................... 46
`21. Claim 32 .................................................................................... 46
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`B.
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`C.
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`22. Claim 41 .................................................................................... 47
`23. Claim 43 .................................................................................... 50
`24. Claim 44 .................................................................................... 51
`25. Claim 47 .................................................................................... 52
`26. Claim 53 .................................................................................... 52
`27. Claim 63 .................................................................................... 52
`Ground 2:
` Claims 33-35, 37, 39-41, and 54-57 Are
`Unpatentable Under 35 U.S.C. § 103 As Obvious Over
`Fujinawa In View Of Kokubu and Minolta. ....................................... 53
`1.
`Claim 33 .................................................................................... 53
`2.
`Claim 34 .................................................................................... 58
`3.
`Claim 35 .................................................................................... 60
`4.
`Claim 37 .................................................................................... 60
`5.
`Claim 39 .................................................................................... 64
`6.
`Claim 40 .................................................................................... 65
`7.
`Claim 54 .................................................................................... 65
`8.
`Claim 55 .................................................................................... 65
`9.
`Claim 56 .................................................................................... 66
`10. Claim 57 .................................................................................... 66
`Ground 3: Claims 64-68, 74, 79, 81, 84-87, 91-96, and 101 Are
`Unpatentable Under 35 U.S.C. § 103 As Obvious Over
`Fujinawa In View Of Minolta. ............................................................ 66
`1.
`Claim 64 .................................................................................... 66
`2.
`Claims 65 and 66....................................................................... 71
`3.
`Claim 67 .................................................................................... 71
`4.
`Claim 68 .................................................................................... 75
`5.
`Claim 74 .................................................................................... 75
`6.
`Claim 79 .................................................................................... 76
`7.
`Claim 81 .................................................................................... 76
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`8.
`Claim 84 .................................................................................... 77
`Claim 85 .................................................................................... 77
`9.
`10. Claim 86 .................................................................................... 77
`11. Claim 87 .................................................................................... 78
`12. Claim 91 .................................................................................... 78
`13. Claim 92 .................................................................................... 78
`14. Claim 93 .................................................................................... 78
`15. Claim 94 .................................................................................... 79
`16. Claim 95 .................................................................................... 79
`17. Claim 96 .................................................................................... 80
`18. Claim 101 .................................................................................. 80
`CONCLUSION .............................................................................................. 81
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`X.
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`LIST OF EXHIBITS
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`Ex. 1001: U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019 (“‘019 Patent”)
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`Ex. 1002: Declaration of Anthony J. Senn
`
`Ex. 1003: Curriculum vitae of Anthony J. Senn
`
`Ex. 1004: U.S. Publication No. 2004/0012827 (“Fujinawa”)
`
`Ex. 1005: U.S. Patent No. 5,585,937 (“Kokubo”)
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`Ex. 1006: U.S. Patent No. 5,061,955 (“Watanabe”)
`
`Ex. 1007: 5100 FICHE SCANSTATION, Field Service Manual
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`Ex. 1008: Minolta UC-1 Universal Film Carrier (“Minolta”)
`
`Ex. 1009: Parts Manual for UC-6E, EC, ECM Motorized Combo Squared Corner
`
`Parts Numbers 210000-01,02,03 (“Minolta”)
`
`Ex. 1010: Declaration of Philip G. Barboni
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`
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`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`Digital Check Corp. d/b/a ST Imaging (“Petitioner”) requests Inter Partes
`
`Review (“IPR”) of claims 1-3, 5-9, 20-35, 37, 39-41, 43, 44, 47, 53-57, 63-68, 74,
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`79, 81, 84-87, 91-96, and 101 (“Challenged Claims”) of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
`
`(“‘019 Patent”) (Ex. 1001).
`
`The ‘019 Patent discloses and claims microform imaging apparatuses.
`
`Microform readers were ubiquitous long before the ‘019 Patent. The ‘019 Patent
`
`acknowledges that the principle features of microform readers–a chassis, a mirror,
`
`a lens, an image sensor and an adjuster–were well-known many years prior to the
`
`alleged invention. (Ex. 1001, 2:23-36). The ‘019 Patent further recognizes that the
`
`digital aspects incorporated into the claimed invention were not novel. (Ex. 1001,
`
`2:28-31). Rather, digitization of microfilm was a natural result of the prevalence
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`of computers and the digital age. (Ex. 1001, 1:60-67).
`
`The microform reader of the ‘019 Patent purports to be more “compact and
`
`versatile” than prior art readers. (Ex. 1001, 2:59-62). Yet, the Challenged Claims
`
`fail to claim any novel elements or a novel arrangement of elements that were not
`
`already well-known in the prior art. In short, the Challenged Claims are nothing
`
`more than a straightforward recitation of conventional, well-known microform
`
`imaging technology.
`
`As described in detail below, the Board should institute IPR and cancel the
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`
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`Challenged Claims.
`
`II.
`
`PAYMENT OF FEES
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`The required fee for this Petition has been paid from Deposit Account No.
`
`02-1818, and the Office is authorized to deduct any additional fees due in
`
`association with this Petition.
`
`III. MANDATORY NOTICES PURSUANT TO 37 C.F.R. § 42.8
`
`A. Real Party In Interest (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(1))
`
`Digital Check Corp. d/b/a ST Imaging, a Delaware corporation with a
`
`principal place of business at 630 Dundee Road, Suite 210, Northbrook, IL 60062
`
`is the real party in interest.
`
`B. Related Matters (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(2))
`
`The ‘019 Patent is being asserted against Petitioner in the case E-ImageData
`
`Corp v. Digital Check Corp. in the Eastern District of Wisconsin (Case Nos. 2:15-
`
`cv-0658 and 2:16-cv-576). Currently-pending U.S. Patent Application No.
`
`14/931,583 (“‘583 Application”) was filed on November 3, 2015 as a continuation
`
`of the ‘019 Patent. U.S. Patent Nos. 8,537,279 and 9,197,766 are also being
`
`asserted against Petitioner in Case No. 2:16-cv-0576. Petitioner is concurrently
`
`filing an IPR on U.S. Patent No. 8,537,279 (IPR2017-00177).
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`C. Notice Of Lead And Backup Counsel (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(3))
`
`
`
`Lead Counsel
`Jason A. Engel
`Reg. No. 51,654
`K&L Gates LLP
`70 W. Madison Street, Suite 3100
`Chicago, IL 60602
`jason.engel@klgates.com
`Phone: 312-807-4236
`Fax: 312-827-8145
`
`D.
`
`Backup Counsel
`Robert J. Barz
`Reg. No. 74,363
`K&L Gates LLP
`70 W. Madison Street, Suite 3100
`Chicago, IL 60602
`robert.barz@klgates.com
`Phone: 312-807-4233
`Fax: 312-827-1265
`
`Service Information (37 C.F.R. § 42.8(b)(4))
`
`Papers concerning this matter should be served on Jason Engel at K&L
`
`Gates LLP, 70 W. Madison St., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60602 (Tel. 312-372-
`
`1121; Fax 312-827-8000). Petitioner hereby consents to electronic service at the
`
`following electronic mail addresses:
`
`Jason.Engel.PTAB@klgates.com
`
`IV. STANDING
`
`The Petition is being filed within one year of Petitioner being served with a
`
`complaint for infringement. Petitioner certifies that (1) the ‘019 Patent, issued on
`
`November 3, 2015, is available for IPR; (2) Petitioner is not barred or estopped
`
`from requesting IPR on the Grounds identified herein; and (3) Petitioner has not
`
`filed a civil action challenging the validity of any claims of the ‘019 Patent. This
`
`Petition is filed in accordance with 37 C.F.R. § 42.106(a). Concurrently filed
`
`herewith is a Power of Attorney and an Exhibit List per 37 C.F.R. § 42.10(b) and §
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`42.63(e), respectively.
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`V.
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`STATEMENT OF PRECISE RELIEF REQUESTED
`
`Petitioner asks that the Board review the accompanying prior art and
`
`analysis, institute a trial for IPR of the Challenged Claims, and cancel the
`
`Challenged Claims as invalid under 35 U.S.C. §103.
`
`VI. REASONS FOR THE REQUESTED RELIEF
`
`A.
`
`Summary of ‘019 Petition
`
`The Challenged Claims are obvious in view of the prior art. They cover
`
`nothing more than the straightforward combination of well-known microform
`
`imaging apparatus designs and/or very well-known features of such microform
`
`imaging apparatuses.
`
`B. Overview of the Prior Art Specifically Cited Below
`
`The relied-on prior art all relate to microform readers. The narrowness of
`
`this field motivates a person of skill in the art to look to the relied-on references
`
`since they are analogous art. The prior art references show the well-known
`
`features of microform readers available at the time of alleged invention. These
`
`well-known features could have been easily incorporated and/or substituted from
`
`one microform reader to the other to achieve predictable outcomes. For example, a
`
`person of skill in the art would have been motivated to combine the teachings of
`
`U.S. Publication No. 2004/0012827 (“Fujinawa”), U.S. Patent No. 5,585,937
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`(“Kokubo”), and/or various Minolta user manuals to develop a digital microform
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`imaging apparatus. Furthermore, given that all of the art is related to microform
`
`readers, a person of skill in the art would have been motivated to seek out these
`
`references when looking to develop a digital microform imaging apparatus.
`
`1. Fujinawa
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`Fujinawa published on January 22, 2004. (Ex. 1004). Fujinawa is prior art
`
`under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Fujinawa discloses an image reading apparatus for
`
`reading film images that includes a light source, a film carrier, a lens, a mirror, and
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`an image sensor.
`
`2. Kokubo
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`Kokubo issued on December 17, 1996. (Ex. 1005). Kokubo is prior art
`
`under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b). Kokubo discloses an image reading device that, like
`
`Fujinawa, includes a light source, a film carrier, a lens, a mirror, and an image
`
`sensor.
`
`3. Minolta Film Carrier Manuals (“Minolta”)
`
`The Minolta Film Carrier Publication and Parts List (Ex. 1008 and 1009)
`
`(collectively, “Minolta”) have copyright dates of 1992 and 2002 respectively.
`
`Minolta is prior art under at least 35 U.S.C. § 102(a) and 102(b). Minolta discloses
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`film transporters that are designed to work with microform imaging apparatus such
`
`as Minolta’s line of universal reader-printers.
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`Ex. 1008 is a publication titled “Minolta UC-1 Universal Film Carrier”
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`published by the American Library Association in Library Technology Reports,
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`28.5 (September-October 1992), 625. (Ex. 1008). Ex. 1008 bares a University of
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`Washington Libraries receipt stamp dated April 16, 1993. This publication has
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`been publically available at University of Washington Library since April 16,
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`1993. Ex. 1008 provides a written description of Minolta’s Universal Film Carrier,
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`including specifications and instructions for operation. Ex. 1008 discloses that the
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`Minolta Universal Film Carrier was intended to operate with “readers/printers” and
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`to accommodate various microform media. (Ex. 1008).
`
`Ex. 1009 is a is a parts manual for the UC-6 universal microfilm carrier,
`
`specifically for the 6E, 6EC, and 6ECM models having parts numbers 210000-01, -
`
`02, and -03, respectively. (Ex. 1009; Ex. 1010, ¶¶1-9). The models described and
`
`depicted in Ex. 1009 were designed to work universally with reader-printers from
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`various companies such as Minolta and Canon. (Ex. 1010, ¶5). In the ordinary
`
`course of business, Ex. 1009 was published to distributors for the UC-6 product,
`
`including Minolta and Canon in 2002. (Ex. 1010, ¶¶6-7). The disclosures of Ex.
`
`1009 alone, in view of the Senn and Barboni declarations (Ex. 1002, Ex. 1010), are
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`sufficient to support every assertion about Minolta in Proposed Grounds of
`
`Rejection Nos. 2 and 3, below. In other words, while Ex.1008 is cited as support
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`with regard to certain claims, that exhibit is not required as the only support for
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`any of the contentions herein.
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`C. Background of the Technology and Summary of ‘019 Patent
`
`The ‘019 Patent describes a microform imaging apparatus. (Ex. 1001,
`
`Abstract, 1:17-18). Microform readers have existed for decades and certainly
`
`predate the ‘019 Patent. The ‘019 Patent discloses microform reader patents dating
`
`back to 1973, but these reading devices were well-known long before the 1970s.
`
`(Ex. 1001, 1:45-47, 1:66-67, 2:23-24, 2:50-51). Microform reading devices have
`
`been used for nearly a century to read and view documents stored as microform
`
`including Microfilm, Microfiche, Aperture cards, etc. (Ex. 1002, ¶23). Microform
`
`is stored on reel film or as cassettes, which can hold thousands of pages of
`
`miniaturized documents for efficient archiving and storage. (Ex. 1002, ¶23). A
`
`user operates a microform reader to access the archived documents through
`
`magnification and display. (Ex. 1002, ¶23). Microform’s ability to store many
`
`documents in a small space became increasingly popular in the 1950s when
`
`libraries used it for the archival of deteriorating newspaper collections and record
`
`preservation. (Ex. 1002, ¶23).
`
`Due to the increased popularity of microform, microform readers were
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`increasingly developed to enable users to retrieve and view the image information
`
`stored on the microform. (Ex. 1002, ¶24). The basic operation of a microform
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`reader has not changed for decades, i.e., microform readers retrieve image
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`information by projecting a magnified view of microform images to readable
`
`proportions. (Ex. 1002, ¶24). The image can then be viewed, printed, or saved by
`
`the user. (Ex. 1002, ¶24).
`
`To improve image quality, many prior art microform readers included focus
`
`and magnification adjustment functionality, which is typically achieved by moving
`
`the lens and/or image sensor. (Ex. 1002, ¶25). Devices with moving components
`
`are not a new concept. Rotating and translating parts have been a part of
`
`mechanical reading and imaging devices for the last century. (Ex. 1002, ¶25).
`
`Achieving motion within a microform reading or imaging device has been
`
`accomplished much in the same way for decades. (Ex. 1002, ¶25). The well-
`
`known and long used configurations to convert motor drive shaft rotational energy
`
`into linear motion include lead members, guide rails, and rack and pinion
`
`arrangements. (Ex. 1002, ¶25). A lead member arrangement, such as a threaded
`
`lead screw (e.g., worm) and threaded (driven) nut enables linear motion as the
`
`threaded nut moves along the rotating lead member (e.g., worm). (Ex. 1002, ¶25).
`
`The motor shaft can be directly connected to the lead member or can be coupled to
`
`the lead member through the use of pulleys and belts gears or other means of rotary
`
`motion transmission. (Ex. 1002, ¶25). Another well-known technique includes a
`
`guide rail, pulleys, and a drive belt. The drive belt may be coupled to a carriage
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`that slides along the guide rail as the drive shaft rotates a drive pulley. (Ex. 1002,
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`¶25). Additionally, a rack and pinion gear arrangement can be used, such that
`
`rotation of the motor shaft guides the pinion gear along the rack. (Ex. 1002, ¶25).
`
`With the advent of the computer and advances in electronic storage, digital
`
`conversions of microform became popular. (Ex. 1001, 1:60-67). Microform
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`readers were adapted with image sensors such as line sensors and area sensors to
`
`capture the image information from the projected film, which could then be saved
`
`and stored electronically. (Ex. 1002, ¶26). Many microform readers were
`
`integrated with computers to save digital copies of the scanned images. (Ex. 1002,
`
`¶26).
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`One of the basic, well-known prior art processes for retrieving and
`
`displaying an image is illustrated below:
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`(See, e.g., Ex. 1004, Fig. 4). Since microform readers are designd to project and
`
`save film images, there are a handful of components common to many of the
`
`designs. For example, most designs include a light source, a film carrier, a lens, a
`
`mirror, and an image sensor. (See generally Ex. 1004; Ex. 1005; Ex. 1006). The
`
`claim elements of the ‘019 Patent are not unique, but instead include the same
`
`common components typically used in microform and other imaging devices.
`
`1.
`
`Chassis Limitation
`
`Chassis have been used in microform readers since their inception to support
`
`the different components of the microform reader. (Ex. 1002, ¶29). For example,
`
`the chassis is used to support lenses, mirrors, motors, etc. (Id.). The chassis may
`
`be in the form of a frame or other support structure to support the light source, film
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`carrier, fold mirror, lens, sensor, lead member, carriage(s) and/or motor(s). (Id.).
`
`Almost universally, prior art microform readers include a chassis that supports the
`
`other components of the microform reader. (Ex. 1004, ¶0033, Figures 3-6; Ex.
`
`1005, 8:52-54, Figures 1, 2, 4, and 6-8; Ex. 1006, 5:9-13, Figure 1; Ex. 1007, Fig.
`
`2.1b).
`
`2.
`
`Lead Member Limitation
`
`Lead members are one of the many ways that microform readers move
`
`components within the device. (Ex. 1002, ¶30). For example, a lead member may
`
`be used with a belt and a motor to move a lens, an image sensor, and/or a film
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`housing to ensure that the image is properly magnified and focused. (Ex. 1002,
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`¶31). Lead member(s) guide carriage(s) along an optical path. (Ex. 1004, ¶0059,
`
`Figures 3-6; Ex. 1002, ¶27). In prior art readers where the sensor and the lens are
`
`supported by separate carriages, it was well-known to use multiple lead members
`
`to guide those distinct components (e.g., the sensor and the lens may each be
`
`coupled to a separate lead member). (Ex. 1004, ¶0059, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1002,
`
`¶30). Lead members were well-known throughout the prior art as of the date of the
`
`invention of the ‘019 Patent. (Ex. 1004, ¶0059, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 8:52-59,
`
`Figures 1-4, 10, and 12; Ex. 1006, 6:62-65, Figure 2; Ex. 1007, Figure 2.1b, 17).
`
`3.
`
`Fold Mirror Limitation
`
`Mirrors have been used in microform readers to change the direction of the
`
`light path within the device. (Ex. 1002, ¶31). Even the earliest of projector
`
`systems and microform readers used mirrors to project images illuminated by a
`
`light source onto a projector screen. (Id.). In the same sense, fold mirrors are used
`
`in digital systems to direct light towards the image sensor, which enables the
`
`optical components to be positioned on different axes than the light source. (Id.).
`
`A fold mirror is supported by the chassis and typically directs light from the light
`
`source, through the lens to the sensor. Utilizing a fold mirror to direct light
`
`through the lens to the image sensor or CCD was well-known and fundamental to
`
`prior art microform readers (Ex. 1004, ¶0039, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 8:61-64,
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`12:1-33, Figures 17, 18, and 56; Ex. 1006, 5:24-27, Figures 1-4 and 6; Ex. 1007,
`
`Figures 2.2a and 2.2b, p.16).
`
`4.
`
`Drive Mechanism Limitations
`
`Drive mechanisms have been used in microform readers and other devices to
`
`move components within the microform device. (Ex. 1002, ¶32). It was well-
`
`known in the prior art for the drive mechanism to link the carriage to the chassis
`
`via a conventional technique, e.g., a drive belt and pulley for moving the carriage
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`along the lead member. (Ex. 1002, ¶32; Ex. 1004, ¶0059, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005,
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`9:11-18, Figures 1, 2, and 4; Ex. 1006, 6:62 to 7:3, Figure 2; Ex. 1007, 15-18, 27).
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`5.
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`Carriage Limitations
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`Carriages have been used in microform readers and other devices to support
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`components, especially components that move within the microform device. (Ex.
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`1002, ¶33). For example, lenses and image sensors may be attached to carriages to
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`provide additional support and to position the components within the device. (Id.).
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`Carriages couple the optical components to the lead member such that they can
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`slide along the lead member. (Id.). It was well-known in the prior art to utilize
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`carriages to adjust the distance between the light source, mirror, lens, and or
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`sensor. (Ex. 1004, ¶0059, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 8:52-64, 9:11-17, Figures 1-3;
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`Ex. 1006, 6:62 to 7:3, Figure 2) (Ex. 1007, 16-17).
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`6. Motor Limitations
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`Motors have been used in microform readers for various tasks. (Ex. 1002,
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`¶34). For example, motors have been used in microform readers to advance and
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`rewind film. (Ex. 1002, ¶34). Similarly, motors have been used to move other
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`components of the microform reader such as the lens and/or the area sensor. (Id.).
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`It was well-known in the prior art to couple a motor to a carriage for moving the
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`carriage, and therefore the sensor or lens, along a portion of the lead member. (Ex.
`
`1002, ¶34; Ex. 1004, ¶¶0039, 0041-0043, 0051, 0059, 0060, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005,
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`9:10-17, Figures 1, 2, and 4; Ex. 1006, 6:57-58, 6:65 to 7:3, 7:11-13, Figures 2-4;
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`Ex. 1007, 15-18, 27). It was also well-known in the prior art that the motor may be
`
`coupled to a carriage via any conventional technique, e.g., a drive belt connected to
`
`the carriage for moving the carriage along the lead member. (Ex. 1002, ¶34; Ex.
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`1004, ¶¶0039, 0041-0043, 0051, 0059, 0060, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 9:10-17,
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`Figures 1, 2, and 4; Ex. 1006, 6:57-58, 6:65 to 7:3, 7:11-13, Figures 2-4; Ex. 1007,
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`15-18, 27).
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`7.
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`Area Sensor Limitation
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`As discussed above, with the advent of the computer and the continuing
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`advances in electronic storage, digital conversions of microform became popular.
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`(Ex. 1001, 1:60-67). Microform readers were adapted with image sensors such as
`
`line sensors and area sensors to capture the image information from the projected
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`film. (Ex. 1002, ¶35). In the prior art, it was well-known that a sensor, e.g., an
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`area sensor, would be used to capture image data of the microform. (Ex. 1002,
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`¶35; Ex. 1004, ¶¶0009, 0039, 0049, 0055, 0059, 0112, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 8:61-
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`64, 11:63 to 12:6, 2:37-39, Figures 17, 18, 56; Ex. 1006, 6:62-65, 7:66-68, 10:4-13,
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`Figure 2; Ex. 1007, 7, 14-17).
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`8.
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`Lens Limitation
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`Lenses are used to magnify and/or focus the image on the film such that the
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`film is readable. (Ex. 1002, ¶36). It was well-known in the prior art to position a
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`lens on a movable carriage between a sensor and a fold mirror to help focus the
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`image. (Ex. 1004, ¶¶0039, 0055, 0059, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 8:61-64, 2:37-39,
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`12:1-6, Figures 17, 18, and 56; Ex. 1006, 5:22-27, Figures 1-4 and 6; Ex. 1007,
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`Figures 2.2a and 2.2b, 15-17).
`
`9.
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`Film Carrier Limitation
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`Film carriers or microform media support structures are used to position and
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`support the film within the device. (Ex. 1002, ¶37). Film carriers may be movable
`
`such that the film can be moved in a transverse or longitudinal direction. (Id.).
`
`Several other example microform readers also include film carriers. (Ex. 1004,
`
`¶¶0039, 0045-0048, 0082, 0083, Figures 3-6; Ex. 1005, 14:8-16, 2:57-64, Figures
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`19, 51-56; Ex. 1006, 7:13-22, Figures 2, 3; Ex. 1007, Figure 2.2b, 8, 16).
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`D. The Relied-On Art Has Not Been Previously Considered
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`Institution is warranted under 35 U.S.C. § 325(d) because this Petition relies
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`on new obviousness combinations not considered during examination of the ‘019
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`Patent. Additionally, this petition includes an expert declaration to help explain
`
`the prior art landscape and give context to the presented combinations. (Ex. 1002).
`
`VII. PERSON OF ORDINARY SKILL IN THE ART
`
`A person of ordinary skill in the art is a hypothetical person presumed to
`
`know the relevant prior art. Gnosis S.p.A. v. S. Ala. Med. Sci. Found., IPR2013-
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`00116, Final Written Decision (Paper 68) at 9 (citing In re GPAC Inc., 57 F.3d
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`1573, 1579 (Fed. Cir. 1995)). Such person is of ordinary creativity, not merely an
`
`automaton, and is capable of combining teachings of the prior art. Id. (citing KSR
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`Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550 U.S. 398, 420-21 (2007)). Citing the Federal Circuit,
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`the Board has held “the references themselves represent the level of ordinary skill
`
`in the art.” eBay Inc. v. Locata LBS LLC, IPR2014-00585, Final Written Decision
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`(Paper 31) at 6 (citing Okajima v. Bourdeau, 261 F.3d 1350, 1355 (Fed. Cir. 2001)
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`(the level of ordinary skill in the art usually is evidenced by the references
`
`themselves)); In re GPAC, 57 F.3d at 1579 (finding that the Board of Patent
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`Appeals and Interferences did not err in concluding that the level of ordinary skill
`
`in the art was best determined by the references of record).
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`From the “Field of the Disclosure” of the ‘019 Patent and the references
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`Petition For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 9,179,019
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`presented herein, it is evident that a person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of
`
`filing of the ‘019 Patent