Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 1 of 21 PageID #: 123
`
`Exhibit 5
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`
`
`
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`
`

`

`USOO8223863B2
`
`(12) United States Patent
`Bergljung et al.
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 8,223,863 B2
`Jul. 17, 2012
`
`(54) METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT INA
`CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`(75) Inventors: Christian Bergljung, Lund (SE); Ming
`Chen, Solentuna (SE), Muhammad
`Kazmi, Bromma (SE); Olav Queseth,
`Solna (SE)
`(73) Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
`(publ), Stockholm (SE)
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`12/990SO2
`
`c
`(*) Notice:
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`
`y x- - -
`
`9
`
`- W4-
`
`a Ca. ....
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`6,430,402 B1* 8/2002 Agahi-Kesheh ........... 455,115.3
`6,625,227 B1
`9/2003 Shull et al.
`7,031,677 B2 * 4/2006 Wenzel et al. ............. 455,127.2
`7,158,494 B2 *
`1/2007 Sander et al. ......
`370,329
`7,864,885 B2 *
`1/2011 Cleveland et al. .
`... 375.316
`736 R : 3.33 R al.".
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`7,962,109 B1* 6/2011 Stockstad et al. .......... 455,115.1
`7,986,738 B2 * 7/2011 Sankabathula et al. ....... 375,260
`2004/0208157 A1 10, 2004 Sander et al.
`2007/0230616 A1* 10/2007 Zolfagharietal. ........... 375,297
`2008/0070510 A1* 3/2008 Doppler et al. ................. 455.69
`2008/0280575 A1* 11/2008 PeSola .....
`455,127.1
`2009/0066157 A1* 3/2009 Tarng et al. ..................... 307/31
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`International Search Report for PCT/SE2008/051494 mailed Apr. 17,
`2009.
`International Preliminary Report on Patentability for PCT/SE2008/
`051494 dated Aug. 10, 2010.
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner Chieh M Fan
`Assistant Examiner — Santiago Garcia
`(57)
`ABSTRACT
`The present invention relates to the area of wireless commu
`nication, and especially to a method and an arrangement for
`transmission output power control in a cellular telecommu
`nications network. An improved transmission output power
`control is achieved by adapting a pre-defined power mask to
`a signal transmission characteristic of the signal transmission
`and applying the adapted power mask to a Sub-frame or an
`OFDM symbol. The present invention could be implemented
`in a network node such as an eNodeB or in a user equipment.
`
`30 Claims, 12 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`Dec. 18, 2008
`PCT/SE2008/OS1494
`
`(22) PCT Filed:
`(86). PCT No.:
`371
`1
`S
`(c)(1),
`Oct. 30, 2010
`(2), (4) Date:
`(87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2009/148372
`PCT Pub. Date: Dec. 10, 2009
`Prior Publication Data
`
`(65)
`
`Mar. 3, 2011
`US 2011/0051829 A1
`Related U.S. Application Data
`(60) Provisional application No. 61/059,165, filed on Jun.
`5, 2008.
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`(2006.01)
`H04K L/10
`(52) U.S. Cl. ........................... 375/260: 375/268; 455/59
`(58) Field of Classification Search ................... 375/260
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 2 of 21 PageID #: 124
`
`
`
`70
`N
`
`
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`
`

`

`US 8,223,863 B2
`Page 2
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`European Telecommunications Standards Institute, “Digital Cellular
`Telecommunications System (Phase 2+); Radio Transmission and
`Receipt (GSM 05.05 version 5.8.0); Draft prETS 300 910.” vol.
`SMG2, Fifth Edition, May 1998, pp. 1-49, Cedex, France.
`3GPP "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification
`Group Radio Access Network; User Equipment (UE) Radio Trans
`
`mission and Reception (FDD) (Release 9), 3GPP TS 25.101 v9.5.0,
`Sep. 2010, pp. 1-246.
`3GPP "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification
`Group Radio Access Network; User Equipment (UE) Radio Trans
`mission and Reception (TDD) (Release 9).”3GPP TS 25.102 v9.2.0,
`Sep. 2010, pp. 1-213.
`* cited by examiner
`
`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 3 of 21 PageID #: 125
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Jul. 17, 2012
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`Sheet 1 of 12
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`US 8,223,863 B2
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`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 4 of 21 PageID #: 126
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 17, 2012
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`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 6 of 21 PageID #: 128
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`U.S. Patent
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`Jul. 17, 2012
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`Sheet 4 of 12
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`US 8,223,863 B2
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`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 7 of 21 PageID #: 129
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`Jul. 17, 2012
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`US 8,223,863 B2
`
`1.
`METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT INA
`CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`The present invention relates to the area of wireless com
`munication, and especially to a method and an arrangement
`for transmission output power control in a cellular telecom
`munications network.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`10
`
`2
`sient event and after the transient event and additionally, when
`the ramp-up should start. The allowed output power may be
`expressed as an open range, i.e. below a specific level or as an
`interval, i.e. between output power X and Y.
`It should be noted that in GSM and WCDMA (Wideband
`Code Division Multiple Access) the power masks are defined
`in timeslot level (577 us and 667 us respectively). In E-UT
`RAN it will be defined on sub-frame level (1 ms) and SC
`OFDM (Single Carrier-Orthogonal Frequency-Division
`Multiplexing) symbol level, e.g. to be applied when a Sound
`ing Reference Symbol (SRS) is transmitted in the sub-frame.
`There are several methods currently in use for avoiding the
`adverse effects of the ramping periods. In GSM and UTRA
`TDD (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access-Time-Division
`Duplex) the transmitter is turned on slightly before the actual
`signal is transmitted. In that way the transmitter has some
`time to reach the on state before the actual signal is transmit
`ted. At the end of the timeslot the transmitter is not turned off
`until the complete signal has been transmitted. Iftimeslots are
`adjacent in time and energy is transmitted outside the timeslot
`the transmitted energy from one user equipment will cause
`interference to the signal from another user equipment. To
`mitigate this problem a tiny guard interval is introduced
`between the timeslots. In UTRA-FDD (UTRA-Frequency
`Division Duplex) this solution is not utilized. The transmitter
`has not fully reached the on-state when the signal is transmit
`ted and the transmitter is turned offbefore the transmission of
`the signal has been completed. In this case the coding and
`spreading of the signal will mitigate the effects of the ramping
`period.
`In the UTRAN the power control operates on timeslot
`level. This means that power change occurs on timeslot basis
`and the transmit power mask is consequently defined on
`timeslot basis. Moreover, in E-UTRAN the power control
`operates on sub-frame basis and therefore the transmit power
`mask is defined on sub-frame level and OFDM symbol level.
`As mentioned previously, in E-UTRA uplink the duration
`of a sub-frame is 1 ms. The sub-frame consists of 14 or 12
`SC-OFDM symbols. The last symbol in the sub-frame could
`be used for transmitting the SRS that is used for channel
`estimation purposes. The SRS can also be used for perform
`ing uplink channel dependent scheduling and time tracking.
`The transmit power for the SRS may differ from the transmit
`power used for the other symbols of the sub-frame The rela
`tionship of the different transmit powers is illustrated in FIG.
`3. However, it should be noted that the abrupt power changes
`shown in FIG. 3 are not possible to implement.
`In the E-UTRAN the uplink timeslots are placed adjacent
`to each other in time. In the state of the art solution that exists
`for UTRA, one set of fixed well defined ramped up and down
`periods are defined in the standard 3GPP TS 25.101 and TS
`25.102. Thus, the tradeoff between signal quality and inter
`ference to other timeslots is set when the system is designed.
`FIG. 4 illustrates that placement of power ramps causes prob
`lems with signal quality degradation due to non-constant
`output power and with interference to a user. However, certain
`signals, e.g. the Sounding reference symbol (SRS), need to
`have good quality especially when they are utilized for uplink
`channel dependent scheduling. Furthermore, in other situa
`tions the interference due to power ramping needs to be
`minimized in respect to other signals such as data symbols in
`order to maximize throughput.
`Accordingly, there is a need for an improved transmission
`output power control in the E-UTRAN.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide
`methods and arrangements for an improved output power
`management.
`
`UTRAN (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) is a
`term that identifies the radio access network of a UMTS
`(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), wherein
`15
`the UTRAN consists of Radio Network Controllers (RNCs)
`and NodeBs i.e. radio base stations. The NodeBs communi
`cate wirelessly with mobile user equipments (UEs) and the
`RNCs control the NodeBS. The RNCs are further connected
`to the Core Network (CN). Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) is
`an evolution of the UTRAN towards a high-data rate, low
`latency and packet-optimised radio access network. Further,
`the E-UTRAN consists of e-NodeBs (evolved NodeBs), and
`the e-NodeBs are interconnected and further connected to the
`Evolved Packet Core network (EPC). E-UTRAN is also being
`referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and is standardized
`within the 3' Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
`In a time multiplexed system, e.g. the uplink in E-UTRAN,
`HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) or GSM (Global System
`for Mobile communications) the transmitters transmit in cer
`tain assigned timeslots. Thus, a transmitter will start trans
`mitting in the beginning of the timeslot and turn off the
`transmitter at the end of the timeslot. In addition it is possible
`that the output power of the transmitter may change from
`timeslot to timeslot or within a timeslot.
`Transmitters typically require some time for turning on the
`output power as well as turning off the output power. This
`means that the turning on and off the output power does not
`occur instantaneously. Furthermore, very sharp transitions
`between on State and off state would cause unwanted signal
`emissions in the adjacent carriers causing adjacent channel
`interference, which should be limited to certain level. Thus,
`there exists a transient period, i.e. when the transmitter
`switches from the offstate to the on state or vice versa. During
`these transient periods the output signal of the transmitter is
`undefined in the sense that the quality of the signal is not as
`good as when the transmitter is fully turned on. The transient
`periods are illustrated in FIG. 1. Furthermore, the output
`power during the transient period is referred to as a power
`ramp.
`As illustrated in FIG. 1, the duration of the ramping is
`typically quite short compared to the length of the Sub-frame
`or timeslot but its position has an influence on system perfor
`mance. In terms of ramping or transient position there are
`three possibilities:
`Ramping outside the timeslot/sub-frame as illustrated in
`FIG. 2a
`Ramping inside the timeslot/Sub-frame as illustrated in
`FIG.2b
`Ramping partly inside and partly outside the timeslot/Sub
`frame as illustrated in FIG. 2C
`A power mask, also referred to as a time mask, defines for
`example the allowed output power at given time instants
`during a transient event and the time when a ramp starts. For
`example when the transmitter ramps up, i.e. increases the
`output power, the power mask may specify how much output
`power is allowed before the transient event, during the tran
`
`25
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`

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`US 8,223,863 B2
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`10
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`15
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`25
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`30
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`35
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`3
`In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention a
`method for transmission output power control in a cellular
`telecommunications network is provided. In the method a
`pre-defined power mask for at least one of a Sub-frame and an
`OFDM symbol of a signal transmission is set. The power
`mask is defined by at least one parameter associated with any
`of the following:
`a starting point of a first power ramp, an ending point of the
`first power ramp, a starting point of a second power ramp, an
`ending point of the second power ramp, a first and second
`duration of the first and second power ramps, respectively,
`and a first and second power level at a specific time of the first
`and second power ramps, respectively. Furthermore, in the
`method at least one of the at least one power mask parameter
`of the power mask is adapted to a signal transmission char
`acteristic of the signal transmission. Additionally, the adapted
`power mask is applied to at least one of the Sub-frame and the
`OFDM symbol.
`In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention
`an arrangement for transmission output power control in a
`cellular telecommunications network is provided. The
`arrangement comprises a unit for setting a pre-defined power
`mask for at least one of a sub-frame and an OFDM symbol of
`a signal transmission. The power mask is defined by at least
`one parameter associated with any of the following:
`a starting point of a first power ramp, an ending point of the
`first power ramp, a starting point of a second power ramp, an
`ending point of the second power ramp, a first and second
`duration of the first and second power ramps, respectively,
`and a first and second power level at a specific time of the first
`and second power ramps, respectively. Furthermore, the
`arrangement comprises a unit for adapting at least one of the
`at least one power mask parameter of the power mask to a
`signal transmission characteristic of the signal transmission.
`Additionally, the arrangement comprises a unit for applying
`the adapted power mask to at least one of the Sub-frame and
`the OFDM symbol.
`An advantage with the present invention is the possibility
`to signal certain transmission signals, i.e. the reference signal,
`from a user with a high quality, while at the same time it is
`possible to minimize the interference to and from other users.
`Thus, the throughput of the system can be kept high.
`Another advantage with the present invention is the possi
`bility to differentiate the quality of a service for different
`USCS.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`Case 2:20-cv-00310-JRG Document 1-5 Filed 09/20/20 Page 17 of 21 PageID #: 139
`
`For a better understanding, reference is made to the follow
`ing drawings and preferred embodiments of the invention.
`FIG. 1 illustrates the transient periods that occur when
`output power is changed or the transmitter is turned on or off.
`FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c illustrate possible positions of the
`power mask ramps.
`FIG. 3 illustrates an example where uplink sub-frames
`consist of 14 SC-OFDM symbols.
`FIG. 4 illustrates problems with signal quality and inter
`ference caused by the placement of the power mask ramps.
`FIG. 5 shows the general architecture of a third generation
`cellular telecommunications network and its evolutions,
`wherein the present invention may be implemented.
`FIGS. 6a and 6b show a power mask and different power
`mask parameters.
`FIG. 7a is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present
`invention and 7b is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of
`the present invention.
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`4
`FIG.8 shows an example of a set of rules for how to adapt
`the power mask parameters according to an embodiment of
`the present invention.
`FIGS. 9a,9b,9c, 9d and 9e illustrates example of how the
`power mask parameters could be adapted according to an
`embodiment of the present invention.
`FIG. 10 shows a block diagram schematically illustrating
`an arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the
`present invention.
`FIG. 11 shows a block diagram schematically illustrating
`an arrangement implemented in a UE in accordance with an
`embodiment of the present invention.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`In the following description, for purposes of explanation
`and not limitation, specific details are set forth, Such as par
`ticular sequences of steps, signaling protocols and device
`configurations in order to provide a thorough understanding
`of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in
`the art that the present invention may be practised in other
`embodiments that depart from these specific details.
`Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
`means and functions explained herein below may be imple
`mented using Software functioning in conjunction with a
`programmed microprocessor or general purpose computer,
`and/or using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
`It will also be appreciated that while the current invention is
`primarily described in the form of methods and devices, the
`invention may also be embodied in a computer program prod
`uct as well as a system comprising a computer processor and
`a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory is
`encoded with one or more programs that may perform the
`functions disclosed herein.
`The general architecture of a third generation cellular tele
`communications network and its evolutions is illustrated in
`FIG. 5, wherein the present invention may be implemented.
`The telecommunications network is widely deployed to pro
`vide a variety of communication services such as Voice and
`packet data. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the cellular telecommu
`nications network may include one or more eNodeBs 50
`connected to a core network EPC 52, and a plurality of user
`equipments (UES) 54 may be located in one cell. As stated
`above there is a need for an improved transmission output
`power control in the E-UTRAN. Thus, the present invention
`comprises methods and arrangements for transmission output
`power control in a cellular telecommunications network as
`illustrated in FIG. 5. The improved transmission output
`power control is achieved according to an embodiment by
`adapting a pre-defined power mask to a signal transmission
`characteristic of the signal transmission, i.e. content of the
`signal to be transmitted, and applying the adapted power
`mask to a sub-frame or an OFDM symbol. The method could
`further be implemented in a network node such as an eNodeB
`or in a UE.
`A power mask is the transient period of the transmission
`power between transmit OFF and ON power and between
`transmit ON and OFF power and is defined by one or several
`power mask parameters. An example of a power mask is
`shown in FIG. 6a. The power mask comprises a first power
`ramp and a second power ramp. The first power ramp has a
`starting point and an ending point. In addition, the second
`power ramp has a starting point and an ending point. As
`further shown in FIG. 6b, the power mask is defined by
`duration of the first power ramp and duration of the second
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`link Control Channel). Every UE is supposed to listen to the
`scheduling information sent on PDCCH since any UE in the
`cell can be scheduled for uplink transmission in any Sub
`frame. The scheduling information indicates which sub
`frames are used and which ones are not. By listening to the
`scheduling information the UE can determine if the sub
`frame following the sub-frame the UE is scheduled for, i.e.
`the successive sub-frame, will be used by another UE or not.
`The UE can then adapt the position of the ramp based on this
`information. Moreover, in order to maximize signal quality,
`when a successive sub-frame of the sub-frame to be transmit
`ted does not contain data, the rule 84 could imply that the
`adapting of the power mask parameteris performed by adjust
`ing the starting point parameter of the second power ramp to
`be placed outside the sub-frame as shown in FIG. 9a. In order
`to minimize interference, when a Successive Sub-frame of the
`sub-frame to be transmitted contains data, the rule 85 could
`imply that the adapting of the power mask parameter is per
`formed by adjusting the ending point parameter of the second
`power ramp to be placed inside the Sub-frame as shown in
`FIG.9b.
`When the Sub-frame contains data and a successive Sub
`frame of the sub-frame to be transmitted contains data, the
`rule 81 comprises the adapting of the power mask parameter
`performed by adjusting the starting point parameter of the
`second power ramp to be placed inside the Sub-frame and by
`adjusting the ending point parameter of the second power
`ramp to be placed outside the Sub-frame and by shortening the
`duration of the second power ramp as illustrated in FIG.9c.
`Yet a further example is when the OFDM symbol to be
`transmitted contains a reference signal, the rule 83, 86 com
`prises the adapting of the power mask parameter performed
`by adjusting the ending point parameter of the first power
`ramp to be placed outside the OFDM symbol and by adjusting
`the starting point parameter of the second power ramp to be
`placed outside the OFDM symbol as illustrated in FIG. 9d.
`Yet a further example is when a preceding OFDM symbol
`of the OFDM symbol to be transmitted contains a reference
`signal, the rule 83, 86 comprises the adapting of the power
`mask parameter performed by adjusting the starting point
`parameter of the first power ramp to be placed inside the
`OFDM symbol as shown in FIG.9e.
`Yet a further example is when a successive OFDM symbol
`of the OFDM symbol to be transmitted contains a reference
`signal, the rule 82, 87 comprises the adapting of the power
`mask parameter performed by adjusting the ending point
`parameter of the second power ramp to be placed inside the
`OFDM symbol.
`A further example is when a successive sub-frame of the
`sub-frame to be transmitted contains data with high order
`modulation, e.g. 16 QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modula
`tion) or 64 QAM or higher. The rule comprises the adapting of
`the power mask parameter performed by adjusting the ending
`point parameter of the second power ramp to be placed inside
`the sub-frame. Additionally, when a successive sub-frame of
`the sub-frame to be transmitted contains data with low order
`modulation, e.g. BPSK (Binary Phase-Shift Keying) or
`QPSK (Quadrature PSK), the rule comprises the adapting of
`the power mask parameter performed by adjusting the start
`ing point parameter of the second power ramp to be placed
`outside the sub-frame.
`Moreover, in an embodiment of the invention a threshold
`value of the signal disturbance during the signal transmission
`could be determined. Moreover, when the signal is strong and
`the signal disturbance is lower or equal to the pre-determined
`threshold value, the rule comprises the adapting of the power
`mask parameter performed by adjusting the ending point
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`power ramp in this example. The power mask could further be
`defined by a first power level and a second power level at a
`specific time of the ramps.
`We now turn to FIGS. 7-11 which show flowcharts of the
`methods and Schematically block diagrams of the arrange
`ments according to embodiments of the present invention.
`FIG. 7a illustrates a flowchart showing a method according
`to a first embodiment of the present invention where a pre
`defined power mask is set 70 for a sub-frame or an OFDM
`symbol of a signal transmission to be applied in the signal
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`transmission. This may be done by using a pre-defined power
`mask. Such pre-defined power mask is defined by one or
`several power mask parameters as previously mentioned. One
`or several power mask parameters are then adapted 72 to a
`signal transmission characteristic of the signal transmission.
`The present invention provides the possibility to adapt the
`power mask parameters according to one or more of a plural
`ity of signal transmission characteristics such as
`content of the signal to be transmitted in the sub-frame or
`OFDM symbol
`content of the signal to be transmitted in the Successive
`sub-frame or OFDM symbol
`given conditions, e.g. traffic load
`network configuration, e.g. using reference signal based
`measurements for special purpose like Scheduling, link
`adaptation and time tracking
`deployment scenarios, e.g. cell size.
`Furthermore, the adapted power mask is then applied 74 to
`the sub-frame or the OFDM symbol when the sub-frame or
`OFDM symbol is transmitted. Hence, the change in the out
`put power, i.e. the time instant to turn on or off a transmitter
`which transmits the signal on which the power mask is
`applied, and thus the position of the ramp of the power mask,
`is determined by a single or a combination of the signal
`transmission characteristics. The adaptation of the pre-de
`fined power mask can be realized in different ways, e.g. as
`standardized rules or by configuration via signaling.
`The standardized rules are utilized in order to determine
`when to start or end the ramp as well as the duration of the
`ramp. In FIG. 8 an example of a set of rules for how to adapt
`the power mask parameter is illustrated. Each arrow 81-87
`represents a rule. Depending on what Sub-frame or symbol
`has been sent and what Sub-frame or symbol to transmit next
`a specific rule is selected. A first state box 810 represents the
`signal transmission characteristic of the signal transmission
`when a Sub-frame or symbol contains data. A second state box
`820 represents the signal transmission characteristic of the
`signal transmission when the content of a Sub-frame or sym
`bol is a control or reference symbol. A third state box. 830
`represents the signal transmission characteristic of the signal
`transmission when a Sub-frame or symbol contains no data.
`For example this could be when the UE is in an OFF state. It
`should be noted that the UE can be in both idle mode and
`connected mode in the OFF state. The signal transmission
`characteristic of the signal transmission could also be a tran
`sition from one Sub-frame or symbol to a successive Sub
`frame or symbol. Each rule is associated with one or several
`parameters of the power mask ramps, i.e. the starting point,
`the ending point and duration. The power mask parameters
`may be defined in the standard or be signaled by the core
`network 52, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
`The adaptation of the power mask parameters may also be
`determined by signal transmission characteristic of the signal
`transmission Such as network configuration, e.g. scheduling
`information. One example is the scheduling information sent
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`scheduling information is sent on PDCCH (Physical Down
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`parameter of the first power ramp to be placed outside the
`Sub-frame and by adjusting the starting point parameter of the
`second power ramp to be placed outside the Sub-frame. Addi
`tionally, when the signal is weak and the signal disturbance is
`greater than the pre-determined threshold value, the rule com
`prises the adapting of the power mask parameter performed
`by adjusting the starting point parameter of the first power
`ramp to be placed inside the Sub-frame and by adjusting the
`ending point parameter of the second power ramp to be placed
`inside the sub-frame.
`It should be mentioned that the same or similar rules can be
`applied by the method implemented in the eNodeB. Each
`eNodeB schedules the UEs connected to the eNodeB. Fur
`thermore, as the eNodeBs are interconnected they can
`exchange scheduling information. Consequently, the eNo
`deBS can exchange information regarding whether a Sub
`frame will be scheduled or not.
`Therefore eNodeB in principle could identify if the suc
`cessive sub-frame is used or not used by another eNodeB.
`This is because the eNodeBs are interconnected and they can
`exchange via eNode B-eNode B interface, the scheduling
`information or at least information regarding whether Succes
`sive sub-frame will be scheduled or not. The eNodeB knows
`if the successive sub-frame is used or not used by another
`eNodeB as the eNodeBs are interconnected.
`As mentioned previously, the adaptation of the pre-defined
`power mask can be realized by dynamic configuration via
`signaling. A power mask utilized by a base station, i.e. an
`eNodeB, can be dynamically configured internally in the base
`station. In systems like UTRAN, the RNC could configure the
`base station power mask via signaling over an interface
`between the RNC and the NodeB i.e. Iub.
`However, the adaptation of the power mask utilized in the
`UE may also be based on explicit radio interface signaling.
`The signaling can be sent via a broadcast channel from the
`eNodeB in case the same adapted power mask is to be used by
`all UES in a cell with certain signal transmission characteris
`tics e.g. a certain power mask in a large cell. Alternatively,
`each UE can be individually configured to transmit according
`to a certain power mask via RRC (Radio Resource Control) or
`MAC (Media Access Control) signaling. FIG.7b illustrates
`an embodiment of the present invention implemented in the
`UE 54, wherein the UE 54 receives instructions 76 from the
`eNodeB on how to adapt the pre-defined power mask. An
`advantage with the embodiment is that the power consump
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`tion of the UE 54 is reduced since the calculations of how to
`adapt the power mask is executed in the eNodeB. Another
`advantage with the embodiment is that the system perfor
`mance can be maximised due to the fact that the eNodeB has
`more information about the system state, e.g. queue lengths,
`radio conditions, than the UE.
`There are different ways to configure the power mask uti
`lized in the UE via signaling. In one embodiment the eNodeB
`signals the exact time